Kulo nyaka, kuhlelwe ukwethula amahektha ayizinkulungwane ezingu-2,5 okunisela esifundeni, kuhlanganise namahektha ayizinkulungwane ezingu-1,9 ngesikhathi sokuqaliswa kwengxenye yesifunda yephrojekthi ye-federal "Ukuthunyelwa kwemikhiqizo yezolimo" yephrojekthi kazwelonke "Ukubambisana kwamazwe ngamazwe nokuthekelisa", kuqalisiwe. nguMongameli weRussian Federation uVladimir Putin. Amahektha angaphezu kuka-1 XNUMX okunisela azokwethulwa yibhizinisi lezolimo "i-Novoye Zavolzhye" esifundeni saseVolga.
Ukunisela kuyisiqinisekiso sesivuno
Umbusi uDmitry Azarov uye wagcizelela ngokuphindaphindiwe ukubaluleka kokuthuthukisa izinhlelo zokunisela zesifunda: “Sizonaka ngokukhethekile amaphrojekthi okubuyiselwa komhlaba. Amazwe anjalo kuphela anikeza isivuno esiqinisekisiwe, futhi yingakho umphumela omkhulu wezomnotho. " Ngokusho koMnyango Wezolimo esifundeni, manje cishe amahektha ayizinkulungwane ezingama-24,5 omhlaba angaphansi kokunisela. Emapulazini aniselwayo, ama-98% yenani eliphelele lamazambane akhiqizwa emabhizinisini ezolimo nasemapulazini abalimi (PFH) esifundazweni (cishe amathani ayizinkulungwane eziyi-125), ama-86% emifino (amathani ayizinkulungwane ezingama-94), ama-55% kabhontshisi (amathani ayizinkulungwane eziyi-15). ) zitshalwa , 24% wezitshalo zezithelo namajikijolo (ngaphezu kwamathani ayizinkulungwane ezintathu). Umbuso ukhuthaza abalimi ukuthi bethule umhlabathi omningi wokuchelela ngangokunokwenzeka.
UNgqongqoshe Wezolimo Nokudla esifundeni u-Nikolai Abashin waphawula ukuthi ngenxa yokuqaliswa kwephrojekthi kazwelonke, abalimi bezolimo baxhaswa kuze kufike ku-70% wezindleko ezinkulu zokwakha kanye nokwakhiwa kabusha kwezinhlelo zokunisela. Uhlelo lukahulumeni lokuthuthukiswa kokubuyiswa komhlaba lwenza kube nokwenzeka ukunxephezela kuze kufike ku-50% wokutshalwa kwezimali. Futhi, ngaphansi kohlelo lwesifunda, amapulazi angathola uxhaso ukuze abuyisele u-20% wezindleko zamanzi (uma inhlangano yakha noma yakha kabusha izindawo zokubuyisela kabusha).
Esifundeni ngonyaka odlule, izinyathelo ezintsha zathuthukiswa ukuze kugqugquzelwe ukugunyazwa komhlaba wokunisela - lokhu ukuhlinzekwa kwezibonelelo zokuthuthukiswa kwezilinganiso zokuklama ukulungisa, ukwakhiwa kabusha kanye nokwandiswa kwezinhlelo ezinjalo. Ekupheleni kukaDisemba, kwahlonzwa izinhlangano ezizothola imali yokulungisa amaphrojekthi wokulungisa kabusha umhlaba wezolimo ngendawo ephelele engamahektha angaphezu kwezinkulungwane ezi-7,5.
“Namuhla sethula umhlaba wokunisela osekuphele amashumi eminyaka unganiselwa,” kusho ungqongqoshe. - Umsebenzi wethu ukugcina ijubane lokuthuthukiswa kokubuyiselwa komhlaba kanye nokwenza ngcono izindlela zokweseka umbuso kubakhiqizi bezolimo. Ubude bezinhlelo zokubuyisela kabusha ezikhona ensimini zenza kube nokwenzeka ukumboza amahektha ayizinkulungwane ezingama-45 ngokunisela ”.
Izikwele ezintsha
Esifundeni saseSamara, akuzona kuphela izinkampani ezinkulu, kodwa namapulazi amancane asebenzisa amaphrojekthi okubuyisela nokudala izinhlelo zokubuyisela kabusha. Ngakho-ke, esifundeni saseVolga, amahektha ayizinkulungwane eziyi-18 angaphansi kokunisela. Ngo-2019, ibhizinisi lezolimo "Sev-07" LLC lenze kabusha imishini yobuchwepheshe yohlelo lokunisela endaweni engamahektha angama-572; - endaweni engamahektha ayi-151. Umfelandawonye wokukhiqiza ezolimo uNovoye Zavolzhye wakhe ingxenye entsha yomsele wokunisela endaweni engamahektha ayizinkulungwane eziyi-1,14 njengengxenye yesifunda sephrojekthi yenhlangano ethi "Ukuthunyelwa kwemikhiqizo yezolimo". Lena ingxenye yesithathu yamahektha ayizinkulungwane ezi-3,5 omhlaba esifundeni owethulwe ukuchelela ngonyaka odlule. Ngakho, inkampani yayiphakathi kwabaholi emasimini aniselwa ngenkasa.
Ngokusho kuka-Nikolay Savenkov, inhloko ye-Novoye Zavolzhye SEC, ngo-2018 bathuthukise iphrojekthi yokwakhiwa kabusha kwesayithi elingamahektha ayizinkulungwane ezingu-2,2, kanti indawo ephelele yepulazi lebhizinisi ingamahektha ayizinkulungwane ezingu-5,1.
"NgoJulayi sethule isigaba sokuqala sohlelo lokunisela epulazini endaweni engamahektha angama-570, kwathi ngoNovemba sagunyaza isigaba sesibili endaweni efanayo," kusho uNikolai Savenkov. - Isikhungo sokubuyiselwa kabusha komfelandawonye sifakwe ohlelweni lokusebenza lwengxenye yesifunda yephrojekthi yenhlangano "Ukuthunyelwa kwemikhiqizo yezolimo" yephrojekthi kazwelonke "Ukubambisana kwamazwe ngamazwe kanye nokuthekelisa", ngenxa yokuthi sithole uxhaso lokuqaliswa kwephrojekthi. ngama-ruble ayizigidi ezingama-76. Ngokusho kwakhe, lokhu akuvumeli nje kuphela ukuqalisa uhlelo lokunisela oluvaliwe, okuyinethiwekhi ebanzi yamapayipi abekwe phansi, anamanzi angapheli lapho amanzi engena khona kumshini wokufafaza kanye nemishini yokunisela, kodwa futhi nokuthenga ama-sprinklers angu-12. Kulo nyaka, ngoMeyi nangoJuni, kuhlelwe ukwethula amanye amahektha ayizinkulungwane eziyi-1,16 okunisela. Umfelandawonye ulungisa imibhalo ukuze uthole olunye uxhaso. “Lokhu kuzosivumela ukuthi sithenge imishini yokufafaza engu-12. NgoSepthemba, sihlela ukumboza amanye amahektha angama-361 ngohlelo lokunisela, ”kusho uNikolay Savenkov.
Ipulazi litshala ubhontshisi wesoya, okusanhlamvu - ibhali nokolweni. Bahlela ukuthuthukisa ummbila. U-Nikolay Savenkov ugcizelele ukuthi ukubuyiselwa komhlaba kunomthelela omkhulu futhi kuyisiqinisekiso esithile sokuvuna ngisho nasezimweni zesomiso.
Vasily Vasin, iNhloko yoMnyango Wezokulima Nezolimo, uSolwazi waseSamara State Agrarian University:
- Ukulungiswa kabusha komhlaba kudinga ukuthuthukiswa ukuze kunikeze uzinzo ekukhiqizweni kwezolimo nasekukhiqizeni izitshalo, ikakhulukazi kubhekwe ukuguquka kwesimo sezulu. Kubalulekile ukuqhubeka nokubuyiselwa kohlelo lokunisela lwe-Spasskaya, olwakhiwe esifundeni saseVolga ngasekupheleni kwawo-1960. Khona-ke, endaweni yokulima okuyingozi, lesi simiso sokunisela saba umthombo womswakama ongenakususwa. Namuhla, ngenxa yokwesekwa kombuso kanye namaphrojekthi okutshalwa kwezimali amabhizinisi ezolimo, ukwakhiwa kabusha okuhlelekile kwamakhono awo kuyenziwa. Njengaseminyakeni edlule, ukuthuthukiswa kwayo kudlala indima ebalulekile emnothweni wesifunda, ngoba ukuchelela kuyisivuno esiqinisekisiwe minyaka yonke.