Ubuchwepheshe bokuhlola inhlabathi yedijithali busiza umlimi ukuthi akhulise amandla emvelo okuvunda komhlabathi.
Ngesikhathi esifanayo, ingqikithi yobuchwepheshe bedijithali ukudala isithombe se-elekthronikhi sendawo (insimu) emkhathini, iphuzu ngalinye elinezixhumanisi zalo "eziyingqayizivele", "eziboshwe" kuzixhumanisi zendawo phansi. Iphuzu ngalinye lemephu ye-elekthronikhi lifaniswa nedatha yokuqukethwe kwama-microelements amakhulu enhlabathini, izici zokusiza, ukucaciswa kwemithambeka, nezinye izinkomba ezibalulekile ekutshalweni kwezitshalo zezolimo. isiko. Ngosizo lobuchwepheshe be-intelligence yokwenziwa kanye nokuhlaziywa kwayo yonke idatha, okuhlanganisa idatha yesimo sezulu, kwakhiwa imodeli yokulingisa (yezibalo, isofthiwe, ulwazi) yokukhula kwe-biomass yenani elinikeziwe lezolimo. isiko. Ngokwesisekelo salo modeli, izidingo zezakhi zezolimo zibalwa. izitshalo zokuqinisekisa nokuzuza isivuno esihleliwe kanye nohlelo lokuthenga kwazo.
Ubuchwepheshe benhlolovo ye-agrochemical edalwe ekhulwini elidlule abukwazi ukuhlinzeka ngokunemba nokwethembeka okudingekayo, njengoba kusekelwe ekusetshenzisweni komsebenzi wezandla futhi kuncike ngokuphelele kusici "somuntu".
Ubuchwepheshe benhlolovo ye-robotic agrochemical (i-RoboAgroSur - inhlolovo ye-robotic agrochemical) busekelwe ekusetshenzisweni kwezisombululo zedijithali futhi bubhekisela kubuchwepheshe obuthembisayo be-IoT. Okokuqala, imephu ye-elekthronikhi yendawo enamaphuzu okusampula anqunywe kusengaphambili ilayishwa endaweni eyi-robotic complex (irobhothi lezolimo elisuselwe kumoto ehamba yonke indawo) i-RoboProb. I-Roboprob ihamba inqamula inkambu ngomzila onikeziwe eduze kwezixhumanisi ukusuka endaweni eyodwa ukuya kwenye. Ukwakhiwa kwe-chassis kwenza kube nokwenzeka ukuthatha amasampula enhlabathi ezindaweni ezingafunyelwe, ezinhlanga, lapho kulinywa khona kanye nangenkathi yokukhula komkhakha wezolimo. isiko. Ngakho-ke, ithonya lesici "somuntu" liyancishiswa, ukwethembeka kwesampula yomhlabathi kukhuliswa kakhulu ngokunyuka okuphawulekayo kokukhiqiza kokukhethwa kwayo (okuphindwe kashumi).
Ubuchwepheshe bedijithali bokubala imithamo yomanyolo wamaminerali buvumela, ngakolunye uhlangothi, ukwenza inhlabathi "ukuxilongwa okulungile", futhi ngakolunye uhlangothi, ukubeka "ukwelashwa" okulungile. Ukuhlaziywa komnotho kukuvumela ukuthi uthuthukise imiphumela etholiwe futhi unikeze isincomo sokuthi yiziphi izivundisi okufanele zisetshenziswe ukuze ukhokhe kancane, futhi isivuno sasiphezulu.
Yiqiniso, ukuhlola umhlabathi wedijithali kuyabiza, kodwa ngemva kokubalwa kokusebenza kahle kushibhile kubalimi futhi konga kakhulu imali kumanyolo eminyakeni yokuqala yokusetshenziswa kwawo.
Ngo-2019-2020, inkampani ye-RoboPROB yenze izivivinyo zensimu yezinhlelo zamarobhothi ze-RoboProb ezifundeni ezimbalwa zeSifunda sase-Southern Federal, Central Black Earth Region kanye nesifunda saseVolga. Amarobhothi ezolimo enze kahle ensimini. Ngokwesilinganiso, ukukhiqizwa kwendawo eyodwa yamarobhothi kwaba namasampula enhlabathi angaphezu kwe-100 ngosuku. Isampula yomhlabathi ngayinye ithole izixhumanisi zayo "zomuntu siqu". Njengokulawula, ikhasimende likhonjiswe amaphuzu okusampula kwanoma iyiphi isampula yomhlabathi eliyithandayo. Kuzwakala kuxakile, kodwa enkundleni enkulu, ngikwazile ukuthola kalula izimbobo ezimbalwa emhlabathini ezilingana kahle nohlelo lwesampula.
Imizila yesampula yomhlabathi ilayishwa insimu ngayinye. Ukunyakaza kwe-complex kusuka endaweni kuya kwelinye kwenziwa ngokuzenzakalelayo, opharetha nganoma yisiphi isikhathi angakwazi ukuzilawula ekude noma, eqondile emotweni ye-terrain. Ngenxa yokuzenzakalela kwenqubo yesampula yomhlabathi, iziqu eziphakeme azidingeki ukuze kulawuleke zonke izinqubo zamasampula: inxanxathela ye-RoboProb ingakwazi ukusetshenzelwa umuntu onamakhono okulawula ama-smartphone. Imfundo ye-agrochemical ayidingeki.
Ilabhorethri yokuhlaziya i-RoboLab express ivumela, ngaphansi kwezimo eziseduze nezimo zensimu, ukuthola ukuhlaziya okuseqophelweni eliphezulu kwamasampula omhlabathi ukuze uthole imisoco eyinhloko i-N (nitrate ne-ammonium), P, K kanye ne-acidity yenhlabathi. Ukuze kuhlaziywe, indlela ye-capillary electrophoresis isetshenziswa. Umsebenzisi ulungisa isampula futhi alungise "i-extract" enhlabathini ngesisekelo samanzi a-distilled.
Yonke inqubo yokuhlaziya i-automatic ngokugcwele; ukusebenza nelabhorethri, izinga lokuqeqeshwa komsizi waselabhorethri ngemfundo yamabanga aphezulu lanele. Ukukhiqizwa kwelabhorethri kuwukuhlaziya okuyinkimbinkimbi kwama-50 ngosuku. Ukuthola idatha kuma-microelements, amasampula enhlabathi athunyelwa kumalabhorethri kahulumeni we-agrochemical.
Ngokwesisekelo sedatha yokuhlaziywa kwamasampula omhlabathi kanye nezixhumanisi zamaphuzu amasampula awo, imephu yomhlabathi ye-elekthronikhi iyakhiwa.
Ngalesi sisekelo, ulwazi olwengeziwe lwezinkomba zomhlabathi i-NDVI nezinye, amakhathugramu emisele yamanzi kanye nokucaciswa kwemithambeka abekwe phezulu ngezendlalelo. Njengomphumela wokuhlaziywa kolwazi, insimu iklanywa ngokwezinga lokuvunda kwenhlabathi. Ngokusho kwe-agronomist ekujikelezweni kwezitshalo, idatha ehleliwe yokukhiqiza kwezolimo. izitshalo, ukutholakala komanyolo wamaminerali kanye nokwenzeka kokuthengwa kwawo, futhi ngokusho kokubala kwesibikezelo sesivuno, imephu yemithamo yokuvundiswa okuhlukene yakhiwe. Umphumela uba umphumela njengamafayela e-SHP ama-Amazone kanye nabasakaza bakaJohn Deere.
Inhlolovo ye-robotic agrochemical yezinkambu ikhombise ukusebenza kahle okuphezulu lapho isebenza nabalimi bamazambane. Amarobhothi ezolimo asetshenziswa esifundeni saseBryansk (LLC "KFH Putsko"), esifundeni saseMoscow (LLC "Sovkhoz Provodnik"). Amasampula omhlabathi athathwe endaweni yokuqala engamahektha ayi-5. Imiphumela yomsebenzi kubuchwepheshe obuchazwe yaze yadlula lokho okulindelwe ngamakhasimende.
Kusukela ngo-2021, ubuchwepheshe obusha be-RoboAgroSur kuhlelwe ukuthi busetshenziswe emasimini amazambane ezifundeni ezihlukahlukene ze-Russian Federation esikalini samahektha angaphezu kuka-40.