Njalo ngonyaka, abalimi abaningi bamazambane baseRussia balahlekelwa ingxenye yesivuno sabo ngenxa yokulimaza sekwephuzile.
I-ejenti eyimbangela ye-blight sekwephuzile inokuhlukahluka okuphezulu kakhulu kwezakhi zofuzo, okuyivumela ukuthi ihlale iguquguquka futhi inqobe ngokushesha izakhi zofuzo zokumelana nokukodwa. Iqembu lososayensi abavela ku-All-Russian Institute of Plant Genetic Resources. N.I. I-Vavilov (VIR; St. Petersburg) kanye ne-All-Russian Research Institute of Agricultural Biotechnology (VNIISB; Moscow) and Phytopathology (VNIIF; Moscow Region) babike amahybrids amazambane athembisayo “anephiramidi” yezakhi zofuzo ezinhlanu kuya kweziyisithupha esitshalweni esisodwa. , futhi ingaba yisisekelo sezinhlobo ezintsha ezikwazi ukumelana nokulimaza isikhathi eside. Lesi sihloko sanyatheliswa kumagazini we-Agronomy.
Izinhlobo ezixubile ezichazwe kulesi sihloko zibonise ukumelana okuphezulu kokulimaza sekwephuzile iminyaka engaphezu kweshumi lapho zihlolwa ngaphansi kwezimo ezivumela kakhulu ukukhula kwalesi sifo.
"Abacwaningi baseRussia benze inqubekelaphambili enkulu ekwakheni izinhlobo zamazambane ezilungele ukutshalwa ohlelweni lokutshala amazambane angayingeni imvelo," kuphawula inhloko yoMnyango Wezamazambane Zezakhi Zofuzo e-VIR eqanjwe ngo-V.I. N.I. Vavilova Elena Rogozina. "Ukwethulwa kwezinhlobo ezisekelwe kuma-hybrid aneqoqo lonke lezakhi zofuzo ekukhiqizeni kuzoqinisekisa isivuno esizinzile samazambane ngaphandle kokusebenzisa amakhemikhali okuzivikela ekubhujisweni sekwephuzile."
Ezindaweni zokucwaninga zakwamanye amazwe, umsebenzi wokwakhiwa kwamazambane angamelana nokubola sekwephuzile kakade wenziwa ngendlela ye-transgenesis. Izinhlobo eziguqulwe ngofuzo zenziwe - iDesiree, Victoria, Maris Piper. Ukumelana kwabo nokulimaza sekwephuzile kunikezwa izakhi zofuzo ezimbili noma ezintathu ezidluliselwa ezinhlotsheni zamazambane zasendle.
Ososayensi baseRussia badale ama-hybrids amasha asekhaya ngendlela yokukhetha zakudala. Ukuhluka kwazo kusezinhlanganisela zenhlanganisela yezakhi zofuzo ezinikeza isivikelo ezifweni. Iphiramidi yofuzo lokumelana isebenza kahle inqobo nje uma ingxenye eyodwa yezingxenye zayo ibona isakhi sofuzo esihambisana ne-virulence futhi icuphe ukusabela kokuzivikela. Imithombo yezinto zofuzo zama-hybrids amelana isikhathi eside achazwe esihlokweni kwakuyizinhlobo ezi-2 zamazambane atshaliwe kanye nezingu-20 zasendle, kuhlanganise nezinhlobo zaseNingizimu Melika ezingavamile ukusetshenziswa ngabafuyi.
Ngokuzayo, ososayensi kuzodingeka bathole ukuthi iyiphi inzalo efundiwe futhi echazwe kangcono futhi edlulisela ngokugcwele izici ezibalulekile ezizukulwaneni ezintsha lapho bewela.
Lo msebenzi wesekelwe uxhaso oluvela ku-Russian Foundation for Basic Research ngokubambisana neRoyal Society of London, No. amagciwane ku-pathogen".