Imakethe ye-potato fungicide eRussia imelwe uhla olubanzi kakhulu lwemikhiqizo. Inhloso eyinhloko yokusetshenziswa kwabo ukuvikela izitshalo ezifweni ngesikhathi sokukhula, ikakhulukazi kusuka ku-blight sekwephuzile kanye ne-alternaria. Kodwa-ke, akhona amanye amagciwane anomphumela olimazayo ekuvunweni kwamazambane kanye nekhwalithi.
Abakhiqizi bemikhiqizo yokuvikela izitshalo batshala imali eyengeziwe kanye nemali ekuthuthukiseni nasekukhiqizeni izidakamizwa ezivimbela ukuthuthukiswa kwezifo, noma kunjalo, imvelo iyakwazi ukuzivumelanisa nokuhlukahluka kwemvelo - amagciwane anamandla okuguqula, kanye nemikhiqizo eminingi evimbela ukukhula kwezifo. ezisanda kuthathwa njengezisebenzayo azisakwazi ukulawula inani labantu elishintshile lokulimaza sekwephuzile kanye ne-Alternaria. Ama-molecule amasha avela emakethe kuyaqabukela, njengoba ukukhula kwawo kuthatha amashumi eminyaka. Kungakho abakhiqizi besikhunta bekhetha ukwakheka okuxubile: kuthatha i-pathogen isikhathi esiningi ukuthuthukisa ukumelana nezinto ezisebenzayo zezigaba ezahlukahlukene zamakhemikhali. Ngaphezu kwalokho, kunezinto ezisebenzayo lapho ukuthuthukiswa kokumelana kungenakwenzeka. Lezi ikakhulukazi izinto ezisebenzayo zohlobo lokuthintana ezinomphumela ovikelayo nowokuvimbela futhi ezisebenza njengengxenye yesu elimelene nokumelana, okuyimpoqo ukuze kusetshenziswe amafungicide ngokuphindaphindiwe.
Ukukhethwa okubanzi kwezidakamizwa zokulawula ukulimaza sekwephuzile kanye ne-alternaria ngesikhathi sokukhula kuvame ukudida abakhiqizi bezolimo: yini engcono - umkhiqizo owaziwayo noma umkhiqizo obiza kancane? Impendulo isobala, ikakhulukazi kubalimi ababhekene nokungasebenzi kahle kwemithi ejwayelekile phakathi neminyaka yokukhula kwe-epiphytotic yalesi sifo. Ngaphandle kwento esebenzayo, umuthi wokuqala uqukethe isethi yokunamathisela, ama-adjuvants nezinye izithasiselo, ngenxa yokuthi ukusebenza kwayo akuxhomeki ezimeni zezulu kanye nobuchwepheshe bezolimo obusetshenziswa epulazini. Kubalulekile ukuthi umuthi ulondoloze ukusebenza kahle kakhulu ezindaweni ezishisayo nezomile eziseningizimu yezwe, nasezimeni ezinzima zaseSiberia, Ural kanye nezindawo ezisenyakatho-ntshonalanga.
Imithi ye-Syngenta ihlangabezana nazo zonke lezi zidingo. Izinhlobo eziningi zama-fungicides zenzelwe ukuvikela amazambane ekuhlumeni kuze kube sekuvunweni. Imikhiqizo esevele ijwayelekile i-RIDOMIL® IGOLIDE MC, REVUS® PHEZULU, SHIRLAN® kanye ne-BRAVO® kulo nyaka sengeze umkhiqizo omusha - isidakamizwa i-RIDOMIL® IGOLIDE R.
Kodwa ngaphambi kokwethula umkhiqizo omusha, kuyadingeka ukukhomba enye inkinga ekukhuleni kwamazambane, okwamanje engenaso isisombululo. I-Bacteriosis yisifo esibangelwa amagciwane ahlukahlukene e-pectolytic futhi sibangela ukuphazamiseka okuningi kubakhiqizi bamazambane.
Amagciwane ayizinto eziphilayo ezinengqamuzana elilodwa, ezimelwe yizinhlobo ezingaphezu kuka-100 zizodwa njengamagciwane ezitshalo ezitshalwayo. Kumazambane, okuyinhloko ukubola kwendandatho (amagciwane ohlobo I-Clavibacter), ukubola kwebhaktheriya okunsundu (quarantine object)URalstonia solanacearum (Smith) Yabuuchi et al.) kanye nomlenze omnyama webhaktheriya (amabhaktheriya wegenera Pseudomonas, U-Erwinia, UDickeya). Ngenxa yokuvela njalo okusha, okunzima ukukhomba amagciwane kanye nezici zokudluliselwa kwawo (ngokuxhumana kusuka ezitshalweni ezigulayo kuye kwezinempilo), amagciwane abangela "umlenze omnyama" wamazambane asanda kusabalala ikakhulukazi.
Ubunzima bokulawula izifo ezibangelwa amagciwane kusekutheni zibulala izinambuzane ngaphakathi kwesitshalo, futhi amalungiselelo e-fungicidal awathinti. Izindlela ezikhona zokulawula i-bacteriosis zihlanganisa lonke uhla lwezinyathelo, kufaka phakathi izindlela ze-agrotechnical (ukujikeleza kwezitshalo, ukufakwa kukamanyolo okulinganiselayo, ukuchithwa kweziqongo, njll.), ukukhiqizwa kwembewu (ukusetshenziswa kwembewu enempilo nehloliwe), i-phytosanitary (ukucubungula izindawo zokugcina. , ukususwa kwezitshalo ezinegciwane ensimini ) kanye namakhemikhali (aqukethe ukusabalala kwe-bacteriosis ngosizo lwamalungiselelo aqukethe ithusi). Kodwa-ke, izidakamizwa ezikhona ezinethusi emakethe azikwazi ukubhekana nale nkinga ngempumelelo kakhulu. Zivezwa ngokuyinhloko ngendlela ye-wettable powder (WP), ebonakala ngezinga eliphezulu lothuli ngesikhathi sokufaka isicelo, ukuncibilika okungalungile nokusebenza kahle okuphansi ngenxa yokuntuleka kokumelana nokuhlanza.
Isidakamizwa esisha esivela enkampanini ye-Syngenta i-RIDOMIL® IGOLIDE R isibulala-sikhunta esinethusi esisebenza ngempumelelo ekulweni nokulimaza amazambane sekwephuzile kanye ne-Alternaria, inomthelela obulala amagciwane futhi ayinabo ububi obukhona ekwakhekeni kwe-SP okuqukethe ithusi.
Umuthi uqukethe izithako ezimbili ezisebenzayo - i-mefenoxam ne-oxychloride yethusi. I-Mefenoxam (i-metalaxyl-M) inomphumela oyingqayizivele ngokumelene ne-oomycetes, ihlelekile kakhulu futhi ingasetshenziswa ekulweni ne-pathogen kokubili ngezinjongo zokuvimbela kanye nokwelapha.
Izakhiwo ze-fungicidal kanye ne-bactericidal zethusi zaziwa kusukela ezikhathini zasendulo. I-Copper yaqala ukusetshenziswa ekuvikeleni izitshalo ngekhulu le-XNUMX: imbewu kakolweni yayiphathwa nge-copper sulfate.
Njengomuthi othintana naye, ithusi lisebenza ngokumelene cishe nawo wonke amaqembu amagciwane. Ngaphezu kwalokho, inomphumela we-multisite kuma-pathogens - ukuvela kokumelana nethusi cishe akunakwenzeka. Uhlu lwesimanje lwemikhiqizo yokuvikela izitshalo lusebenzisa izinhlanganisela zale nsimbi njenge-copper sulfate, i-copper hydroxide ne-copper oxychloride. Kodwa-ke, ngayinye yazo inezici zayo zohlelo lokusebenza: i-sulfate yethusi ayisebenzi (isebenza kuphela ngokuhambisana ne-calcium, kodwa ngesikhathi esifanayo iba yingozi kuzo zombili izitshalo nakubantu), i-hydroxide yethusi ine-solubility embi kakhulu, ne-oxychloride yethusi (iningi). izidakamizwa emakethe ) inothuli oluningi, iwa kalula futhi ayimelani nokuwashwa.
Isidakamizwa i-RIDOMIL® IGOLIDE R yadalelwa ukunqoba le mikhawulo: iqukethe umkhiqizo ophumelela kakhulu ngokumelene ne-oomycetes - i-mefenoxam, kanye nethusi, ethulwe ngendlela entsha ngokuphelele - ama-granules ancibilikayo emanzini (WDG). I-Formula M (eyakhiwe yi-Syngenta) ikuvumela ukuthi udale ukwakheka okungajwayele ukwakheka kothuli futhi ephephile ku-opharetha. Umuthi unokuncibilika okuphezulu, ukumelana nokuhlanjululwa, ukuphepha kwemvelo kanye nomsebenzisi, futhi, ngokuqukethwe okuphansi kwesithako esisebenzayo uma kuqhathaniswa nezinye izidakamizwa, ukusebenza kahle okuphezulu.
Lokhu kuzuzwe ngokucaciswa kokwakhiwa. Akuyona imfihlo ukuthi into efanayo esebenzayo, lapho yethulwa ngendlela ehlukile, inokusebenza okuhlukile. Isibonelo, isidambisi sobuhlungu esiwuketshezi sihlala sithandeka kunesiqinile ngoba sincibilika ngokushesha futhi sifinyelele emthonjeni wobuhlungu. Umgomo ofanayo uyasebenza ekwakhiweni kwethusi ku-RIDOMIL® IGOLIDE R: izinhlayiya zihlakazeka kakhulu futhi, ngokufanele, ziziphatha kangcono ekuxazululeni. Emalungiselelweni ajwayelekile usayizi wezinhlayiyana ungama-microns angu-5-10, futhi ku-RIDOMIL® IGOLIDE R - akukho ngaphezu kwe-micron engu-1. Ngakho-ke, kungakapheli imizuzwana emi-5 ngemuva kokufakwa emanzini, umuthi uhlakazeka ngokuphelele.
Izixazululo ezijwayelekile ziyinhlanganisela yezinhlayiya ezishajwa ngendlela ehlukile “ezikhangwayo” enye kwenye futhi zidale amahlule. Futhi ku-RIDOMIL® Izinhlayiya zethusi ze-GOLD R ziguqulwa zibe yifomu le-colloidal, lapho izinhlayiya zinecala elifanayo futhi, ngokufanele, zixoshana (ngaphakathi kwesitsha sesixazululo), zenze isisombululo esizinzile. Ngenxa yalezi zici, kwakungenzeka ukunciphisa okuqukethwe kwethusi ekulungiseleleni, ngoba ngenxa yokuhlakazeka kwayo, ukulungiswa kusatshalaliswa ngokuphelele esitshalweni, kumelana nokugeza futhi kuphumelela kakhulu ngokuqukethwe kwethusi okuncane. Ngendlela, lokhu kungenye yezinto ezithonya ukuphepha kwesikhunta ezitshalweni, imvelo kanye nabantu.
Izinzuzo ezibalulekile ze-RIDOMIL® IGOLIDE R:
- inhlanganisela yezithako ezimbili ezisebenzayo ekubunjweni okukodwa, okusebenza kahle kakhulu ekulweni namagciwane okulimaza sekwephuzile, i-Alternaria (amazambane, utamatisi), i-downy mildew (u-anyanisi), isikhutha kanye ne-anthracnose (amagilebhisi);
- ukwakhiwa okusha kwethusi okune-concentration ephansi yesici kunikeza ukuvikelwa kwezitshalo okungcono ("okuthambile" kwesitshalo) futhi akuqoqi emhlabathini;
- kunomphumela owengeziwe - ukuvimbela i-bacteriosis;
- ukuncibilika okuthuthukisiwe;
- ukumelana okuphakeme - i-copper oxychloride ekubunjweni kwe-VDG imelana ngamakhemikhali nokukhanya kwelanga, umswakama, kanye nomoya-mpilo kanye ne-carbon dioxide emoyeni.
I-RIDOMIL® IGOLIDE R libhaliswe ezitshalweni ezahlukene ngokumelene nezifo ezifana ne-late blight kanye ne-alternaria (amazambane, utamatisi), i-downy mildew (u-anyanisi), isikhunta kanye ne-anthracnose (amagilebhisi).
Emalungelo Wokukhangisa