Ngabe bakhumbula ini ehlobo lika-2018 labatshali bamazambane eRussia? Ngabe balindele yiphi imiphumela kwisizini? Ngale mibuzo, saphendukela kwabamele amapulazi aqhamuka ezifundeni ezahlukahlukene zezwe.
Ezindaweni eziningi, ngesikhathi inhlolovo yenziwa (Agasti 30-31), ukuhlanza kwase kusanda kuqala.
Izibikezeli ezitshalwa epulazini zenziwa ngokucophelela kanti, alas, azithembi ndawo zonke.
UValery TALYKIN, IPhini Lomqondisi weZaborskiy LLC, esifundeni saseTver I-120 ha ngaphansi kwamazambane
- Izinkinga ezinkulu esibhekane nazo kule sizini lapho ukutshala amazambane kudalwe yisomiso. Liyana endaweni yethu ngamaholidi okuqala kaMeyi, futhi alikho ithonsi eliwele phansi kuze kube uJuni 10. NgoJulayi nango-Agasti, izimvula nazo bezishoda ngokuphawulekayo. Ukuntuleka komswakama emhlabathini kwaholela emiphumeleni engalindelekile kithi: ukuhlasela kwenundu lasebusika.
Phambilini, asikaze siqaphele lesi sinambuzane emasimini (singabalwa amacala aqhelile), ngakho-ke asizange senze izindlela zokwelapha ezikhethekile.
Izibungu azizange zilimaze iziqu zezitshalo (ngenxa yalokhu, inkinga yabonwa sekwedlule isikhathi - ngokuqala kokumba okokuqala ngo-Agasti), ikakhulukazi izilimo eziyizigaxa zashaywa. Ukuhlanza akukakapheli, ngakho-ke kunzima ukuthola inani elifanele lomonakalo. Ngicabanga ukuthi kuzofanele sithumele cishe u-10-15% wesitshalo sokudla kwemfuyo.
Okusele kungashiwo ukuthi isizini liphumelele. Kufanelekile ukuqaphela ikhwalithi enhle yamazambane yembewu, nezithelo ezengeziwe ekudleni. Izilimo eziyizigaxa zamazambane mncane kakhulu kunokujwayelekile, kodwa futhi le yimiphumela yokuntuleka komswakama.
U-Alexey DOKSHIN, Umqondisi Jikelele we-OOO Prostor, isifunda saseTyumen 200 ha ngaphansi kwamazambane
- Ihlobo endaweni yakithi kuvele ukuthi liyabanda kunalokho lomile. Ezinye izinhlobo bezingenawo umswakama owanele: kwasethwa izilimo eziyizigaxa eziningi, kepha zahlala ziphakathi nendawo.
Ngokuvamile, isizini selishintshwe ngamasonto amabili kuya kwamathathu, manje sizama ukunweba isikhathi sokuvuna kwezinye izinhlobo ukuthola izilimo eziyizigaxa zengxenyeni ephezulu. Kepha isimo sezulu asinikezi thuba, ebusuku amazinga okushisa aphansi asevele ephethwe ngokuqinile. Kusukela ezinsukwini zokuqala zikaSepthemba, sizoqala ukumba yonke indawo, ngoba esifundeni sethu ngalesi sikhathi ungalindela noma yikuphi ukumangala okuvela emvelweni.
Okwamanje, ngingasho ukuthi ngigculisekile ngokukhiqiza, izinkomba ziphakeme kunangonyaka owedlule. Kepha kusesekuseni kakhulu ukuthatha isitoko.
UMikhail DOVGALEV, inhloko yepulazi iDovgalev M.M., esifundeni saseBryansk 1200 ha ngaphansi kwamazambane
- Kulo nyaka, amazambane ethu ahlupheke kokubili isomiso (imvula yokuqala yawa ngosuku lwama-58 ngemuva kokutshala) kanye nomswakama owedlulele (uJulayi wavele waletha imvula). Ngeshwa, uhlelo lwezulu lwemvelo belungahlali luhambisana nezifiso zethu: lina ngezikhathi ezingafanele lapho amazambane adinga umswakama, ngakho-ke umphumela kwezinye izinkambu kuvele kwaba ngaphansi kunalokho obekuhleliwe.
Iziza ezisezindaweni eziphansi, ezinenhlabathi esindayo, zavalwa, amazambane abulawa ukuminyana (kweminye imikhakha, indawo yeziza ezinjalo ifinyelela kuma-25% esewonke). Ezindaweni ezinenhlabathi eyisihlabathi, umswakama wanyamalala ngokushesha, isimo singcono lapho. Izinkomba zesivuno, ngokulandelana, ziyahlukahluka kuye ngezinkambu: kwenye indawo sithole u-400-450 c / ha, futhi kwenye indawo - kuphela ama-280 c / ha.
Manje ukuhlanza sekugcwele, senza ibhukumaka yokugcina. Isimo ngamanani ezimakethe sikhathaza: Angifuni ukuthengisa amazambane ngama-ruble ayi-6 / kg. Eminyakeni eyishumi nesikhombisa edlule, lapho ngiqala ukusebenza, izinga lentengo lalilingana, kepha imali eyayitshaliwe yayiphansi ngokungenakuqhathaniswa.
I-Yuri SUBBOTIN, ipulazi le-Subbotin Brothers, isifunda saseKursk 230 ha ngaphansi kwamazambane
- Sibe nehlobo elibi, isomiso. Izimvula zaqala lapho singasekho isidingo sazo. Ngasohlangothini oluhle, ngingaqaphela ukuthi kulo nyaka amazambane awazange ahlaselwe yizifo, ngoba zonke izindlela zokwelashwa kwesifo sekwephuzile kanye ne-Alternaria zenziwe ngesikhathi esifanele.
Isivuno sibi kakhulu kunonyaka odlule. Ngo-2017, isivuno emasimini ngaphandle kokunisela safika ku-70 t / ha, iGala neRed Sonya bakhombisa imiphumela emihle kakhulu. Kulo nyaka, silungisa isivuno ezingeni lika-45-50 t / ha. Sizoqoqa ngokusobala okuncane kunalokho ebesikuhlelile. Kuyamangaza ukuthi ngesivuno esinjalo esifundeni, amanani amazambane aphansi kakhulu - ama-ruble / kg ayi-7.50-8. Konke sekumba eqolo ngaphandle kwamazambane. Ipulazi liphinde litshale ezinye izitshalo, kufaka phakathi isinaphi, ukudlwengulwa, ubhontshisi - bese kuvela ukuthi endaweni yethu yemvelo kulula futhi kunenzuzo enkulu ukutshala noma yisiphi sazo.
U-Andrey VORONENKOV, inhloko yepulazi "iVityaz", isifunda sasePskov. Ama-350 ha ngaphansi kwamazambane
- Isikhathi sonke kusuka maphakathi nenyanga kaMeyi kuya maphakathi no-Agasti, kwehla imvula hhayi ngaphezu kwama-70-80 mm emvula. Ngicabanga ukuthi imiphumela yokuvuna isobala.
Ngakolunye uhlangothi, amasimu ethu adlula izifo zesikhunta: ukulimala sekwephuzile, okokuqala.
Ukuvunwa kwekwindla sekuqalile (besithengisa izinhlobo zamazambane zakuqala kusukela ngoJulayi 18), izimo zezulu zokuvuna zizinhle impela, izimvula zidlulile, umhlabathi uthambile, kepha imiphumela ayikhuthazi. Isivuno esimaphakathi cishe singama-25 t / ha (isizini edlule - 40 t / ha). Ngicabanga ukuthi ukushoda kushaft (uma sigxila ekumbeni kokuqala) kuzoba cishe ngama-40%, kanti amazambane anengxenyenamba ka-45-50 mm iphakeme kakhulu - cishe ngama-50-60%.
Ngamazambane embewu, isimo singcono. Ezimweni zesomiso, izinhlobo zeNdlovukazi u-Anna no-Belmonda baziveza kahle. Ngama-tops aluhlaza ngenkathi uBernina emi, sizokwenza ukufikelwa yi-desiccation. Futhi sinamathemba aphezulu kuMadeira, umbono wensimu muhle.
Esifundeni sethu, ukuvuna kuvame ukuhlala kuze kube maphakathi no-Okthoba, kulo nyaka, ngamanani anjalo, ngokusobala, sizoqeda ngaphambili uma isimo sezulu singangeneli.
Angifuni ngempela ukukhuluma ngamanani entwasahlobo-ekwindla ka-2018. Ipulazi lithwale kanzima kulesi simo ngokubusa kwamazambane aseGibhithe ezitolo. Ukungeniswa kwempahla kwehlulekile ukufuneka kwezimakethe kanye namanani phakathi kukaMashi noJuni kulo nyaka. Izinkulungwane zamathani amazambane athengisiwe avela esivunweni sango-2017 anikezwa imfuyo noma alahlwa. Lesi simo sabonwa kuzo zonke izifunda zaseRussia.
Bekumele ngiguqule amapulani, ngiyeke ukwakhiwa kwesitoreji esisha, ngingene esikweletini. Futhi manje intengo emakethe yamazambane ayiphezulu. Kuthengiswa ngentengo efanayo nangeminyaka engu-15 edlule. Cabanga nje ukuthi kufanele usebenze kanzima kanjani ukuze uhlale uhlanzekile kulezo zimo.