Isonto lezolimo livule ngomhlangano wonke wengqungquthela yamazwe omhlaba “Izinhlelo ezintsha zokuqokwa, ukwenziwa kwezimbewu kanye nokuphathwa kwezimila njengento ebalulekile ekwandiseni ukuncintisana kwezolimo”.
Ingqungquthela yaphakanyiswa nguDmitry Butusov, iPhini Likasihlalo Kahulumeni We-Oryol Oblast we-Agro-Industrial Complex. Isithangami sezolimo savulwa yinhloko yesifunda u-Andrey Klychkov.
- "IViki Lezolimo - 2018" umcimbi obalulekile hhayi esifundeni sethu kuphela, kepha naseRussia sisonke. Kunokuthile esingaziqhenya ngakho nokuthi yini engingakhombisa izivakashi, ”kusho yena.
Umbusi obambile esifundeni sase-Oryol ugcizelele ukuthi le ndawo yezolimo iyimboni yezomnotho.
- Abantu abayizinkulungwane ezingama-251 bahlala ezindaweni zasemakhaya, okwenza ukuthi kube ngaphezulu kuka-33% wabantu besifunda. Lo mkhakha uqashe abantu abayizinkulungwane ezingama-37,1, noma u-11,2% wenani labantu abaqashiwe emnothweni wesifunda i-Oryol, kusho u-Andrey Klychkov. - Umsebenzi onenhloso wokuqinisa imboni, wethule ubuchwepheshe obuthuthukisayo bokugcina izinsiza kanye nobuchwepheshe obunembile bokulima, ukukhulisa indawo ehlwanyelwe izilimo kusivumela ukuba sithole imiphumela emihle.
Ngonyaka wesibili ngokulandelana, sithola isivuno serekhodi sokusanhlamvu hhayi nje kuphela, kepha nangoshukela. Umkhiqizo we-Soy ne-rapeseed uyakhula. Ekhiqizweni okusanhlamvu, sawela ngesibindi ummbili wezigidi ezintathu. Ngo-2017, ukuvuna kwamathani ayizigidi eziyi-3,2 kwaba impumelelo ebaluleke kakhulu embonini. Lesi isivuno esikhulu kakhulu esifundeni kuyo yonke inkathi yomlando omusha noweSoviet wale ndawo. Lo mphumela utholwe ngenxa yesivuno esikhulu, esibalelwa ku-37,4 kg / ha, esingama-73% ukuphakama kunango-2010.
Inhloko yesifunda ithe njengamanje le ndawo yokulima ezolimo, njengawo wonke umnotho, isebenza ezimeni ezinzima zenhlalo nakwezomnotho. Ngakho-ke, kubalulekile ukunaka ingxenye yomnotho yokukhiqiza.
Futhi, u-Andrei Klychkov ukhulume ngezinkinga zokuntuleka kwemishini yezolimo, imalimboleko ethambile, ukuthengwa kwembewu nokuvikelwa kwezitshalo.
- Manje inkimbinkimbi yezolimo yaseRussia eyimboni, amabhizinisi amancane naphakathi nendawo ibhekene nomsebenzi wokuvelela, ukuze eminyakeni embalwa ezayo umthamo wokuthumela imikhiqizo uzodlula ukungenisa ngaphakathi. Ukuthuthuka kwamanye amazwe namuhla kungumsebenzi wokuqala. I-Russia ithumela imikhiqizo yezolimo emazweni angaphezu kwangama-60. Ikota isemazweni e-CIS, u-19% wokuthenga uya e-East Asia, cishe u-17 uye e-Afrika, kuthi u-12% uye eYurophu. Izimpahla ezinkulu ezidayiswa kwamanye amazwe zihlala zizisanhlamvu - zisebenza ngama-40% azo zonke izinto ezidingakalayo ezenziwa ngaphandle kwezolimo, "kusho umbusi.
Ngesikhathi kuqhubeka ingqungquthela, inhloko yesifunda inikele ngezindondo futhi yabonga uMnyango Wezolimo wabasebenzi abahamba phambili bezolimo esifundeni. KuMqondisi Jikelele we-JSC Shchelkovo Agrochem, Isazi seRussian Academy Yezesayensi uSalis Karakotov, wethule uphawu lweminyaka engu-80 yesifunda sase-Oryol.
Amagama okuqala ukukhuluma engqungqutheleni yanikezwa usihlalo ohlonishwayo woMkhandlu waseFederal, ilungu eligcwele leRussian Institute of kilimo iSayensi, isazi saseRussia Academy of Science, isakhamuzi esihlonishwayo esifundeni sase-Oryol u-Egor Stroyev. Ukhulume ngokubaluleka kokuthuthuka kwesayensi kwezolimo, ukhumbule ukuthi bekunzima kanjani ukukhulisa ezolimo esikhathini sangemva kwempi, ngoba akekho noyedwa owayengacabanga ukuthi esifundeni sase-Oryol ukukhiqizwa okunje ngo-40-50c / ha kungenzeka.
"Ngaphandle kwesayensi, ngeke sikwazi ukuxazulula imisebenzi ebhekene nezwe lethu," kusho uJegor Stroyev. - Umdabu wami, esifundeni sase-Oryol, ngamnika iminyaka engama-60 yempilo yami.
Iminyaka enzima kakhulu yadlula nayo. Ngemuva kwalokho akekho owakholelwa ukuthi kungenzeka ukuthi ondle izwe. Kubo ubuphofu bekungenakwenzeka ukukucabanga. Kepha isayensi, ingqondo yokuhlaziya ... Ososayensi bakholelwe.
Futhi ekugcineni, manje sesisungule isisekelo esivumela ukuthi siphathe izinsiza zezolimo. Namuhla, bambalwa abantu abakholelwa futhi ekuqubukeni kweRussia okumenyezelwe nguMongameli wethu uVladimir Putin. Futhi ngithi asinikeziwe enye: noma ngabe sizodlulela phambili, noma siyohlala emaphethelweni omlando.
Sinethonya elinamandla lobuhlakani, elalingekho eminyakeni yangemva kwempi, iRussia inemikhiqizo yokondla abantu bayo.
Isazi, uNobhala woMnyango Wezesayensi Yezolimo waseRussia Academy Yuri Lachuga wafunda umkhonzo omkhulu ovela kumbusi wesikhashana esifundazweni uya kubahlanganyeli besithangami besuka kuMongameli weRussian Academy yeSayensi u-Alexander Sergeyev. Wenze isethulo engqungqutheleni ethi "Agriculture - Crop Production". Isazi lesi sithe iRussia inamandla amakhulu ekukhiqizweni kwemikhiqizo yezolimo.
Umthamo wokuthengiswa kwempahla yezolimo ovela esifundeni sase-Oryol ngonyaka we-2017 waba ngamadola ayizigidi ezingama-62,1 e-US - Izwe lethu lisebenza ngokuzikhandla nangomdlandla ezimakethe zokusanhlamvu, libe amandla okusanhlamvu. Ngokokuqala ngqa emlandweni weRussian Federation, sithathe isinyathelo esikhulu ukukhuphula umkhiqizo kakolweni - siqoqe amathani ama-3 ngehektha elilodwa! Izinhlobo ezintsha zikakolweni zasebusika ziyavela. Kepha kumele siguqule leli nani libe yikhwalithi! Amakota amathathu kakolweni atshalwe eRussia - amakilasi ama-4 no-5. Le yinsimbi ye-alamu. Futhi lo ngumsebenzi wethu oyinkimbinkimbi - ukushintsha isimo.
Inhloko yomsizi we-FANO, udokotela wesayensi yezolimo, uprofesa waseRussia Academy of Science Science u-Ekaterina Zhuravleva ukhulume emhlanganweni mayelana nokwesekwa kwezesayensi ngezinkinga zokukhiqiza izilimo. Ukugcizelele ukuthi manje izikole zethu ezivelele zokufuya ziyabhekana nesidingo sabasebenzi.
“Sijike ngisho nasezikoleni,” kusho yena. - EMoscow, kwenziwa amakilasi ezifundo lapho, esikoleni, izingane zifunda izisekelo zokukhetha, zisebenzise ulwazi lwazo ekusebenzeni kwezakhiwo ezizimele zasesikoleni. Amakilasi anjalo adalwe eNovosibirsk, eTomsk. Ngiyethemba ukuthi iphrojekthi enjalo izovela e-Orel.
USalis Karakotov, Umqondisi-Jikelele we-JSC Shchelkovo-Agrokhim, Isazi seRussian Academy of Science, ukhulume engqungqutheleni ephathelene nezinhlelo zokulawulwa kwezimila njengento ebalulekile yokwandisa ukuncintisana kwezolimo. Uveze ababambiqhaza beforamu ngemikhiqizo yakamuva yokuvikela izitshalo, sibonga ukuthi isivuno singaphindwa kabili. Umqondisi weSikhungo Sokucwaninga Sonke saseRussia, uProfessor weRussia Academy of Science Science Viktor Dolzhenko ukhulume nangemikhiqizo emisha kanye nobuchwepheshe bokusungula izitshalo.
Mayelana nokufinyeleleke ekukhetheni kwezilimo ezothukile ososayensi baseSerbia abakwazi ukukufeza kule nkomfa, kusho uSanya Vasilevich, umqondisi osizayo emsebenzini wesayensi ye-Institute of Field and Vegetable Production of the Republic of Serbia. Inkulumo ka-Isifundazwe uBagrat Sanduhadze yaphenduka izicacele futhi ithinta imizwa.
Usosayensi odumile uthe ngaphandle kokuzalela, iRussia yezolimo ayinalo ikusasa.
- Ukwethulwa kwezimpumelelo zokukhetha kuyindlela eshibhile yokwandisa umkhiqizo! - Kusho isifundiswa.
Emhlanganweni omkhulu wengqungquthela bekungusihlalo obambile weKhomishini Yezwe, uDenis Pospekov, umqondisi weSikhungo Sokuzenzakalelayo Nezinqubo Zokulawula, IGatsha EliseMpumalanga YeRussia Academy of Science, isifundiswa saseRussia Academy of Sciences uYuri Kulchin.
"Kumele senze konke okusemandleni ukuthuthukisa ukuzalaniswa kwezasekhaya kanye nohlobo lofuzo, isayensi kanye nemfundo, ukuze umkhakha wezolimo uhlinzekwe ngabasebenzi abaqeqeshiwe futhi kuncike ekuzuzweni kososayensi basekhaya," kufingqa imiphumela yeseshini yamalungu amaningi, inhloko yesifunda, u-Andrei Klychkov.
Ngosuku olufanayo, ngohlaka lwesithangami "Isonto Lezolimo Lesifunda sase-Oryol - 2018" ngesisekelo se-Oryol State Agrarian University eqanjwe ngemuva kweN.V.
IParakhina "beyisikhumbuzo ku-N.V. Ingqungquthela yaseParahinov-Russian yesayensi neyisebenzayo "Izisetshenziswa zofuzo - isisekelo sokukhethwa nokukhiqizwa kwenzalo ekuthuthukisweni kwezolimo." Le nkomfa ibekelwe ukukhunjulwa kweProfessional yeRussia Academy of Science Science Nikolai Vasilyevich Parakhin (Parakhin Readings II).
Kubalulekile ukuthi namuhla esigcawini esingaphambi kwesakhiwo esikhulu se-Oryol State Agrarian University kwavulwa isikhumbuzo kumfundi, owayengumbhali we-OGAU Nikolai Parakhin.
Source: https://www.nsss-russia.ru/