Umuzwa wokukhula kwamazambane ezifundeni zaseChelyabinsk nase-Orenburg kwaxoxwa ngawo kumhlangano we-inthanethi obuhlelwe nguMnyango Wezolimo Wesifunda SaseChelyabinsk neSouth Ural Research Institute of Gardening and Potato Growing. Lo mhlangano ubuhanjelwe ochwepheshe abavela emabhizinisini akhula ngamazambane aseSouthern Urals, kanye nososayensi abavela eYuzhUralNIISK, Federal Science Science Center for Biological Systems and Agricultural Technologies of the Russian Academy of Science in Orenburg, abamele Isikhungo Sezolimo saseRussia nezinye izinhlangano.
Evula umhlangano, iPhini LikaNgqongqoshe Wezokulima Esifunda SaseChelyabinsk, u-Alexander Zavalishchin, waphawula ukuthi iSifunda saseChelyabinsk sizihlinzeka ngamazambane - ngokwesilinganiso, amathani ayizinkulungwane eziyi-100-110 atshalwa ngonyaka, ngaphandle kwamapulazi axhasayo ezakhamizi. Ngo-2019, ukuvuna kwamazambane emkhakheni wezokukhiqiza kwaba ngaphezu kwamathani ayizinkulungwane eziyi-132 - isaphulelo esingu-130% senkomba ehleliwe, nakuzo zonke izigaba zamapulazi - amathani ayizinkulungwane ezingama-507. Kulonyaka, isivuno samazambane kulindeleke ukuba sibe ngaphansi ngenxa yesomiso - ngaphakathi kwamathani ayizinkulungwane ezingama-90 ezinhlanganweni zezolimo nasemapulazini.
Ukuze kwandiswe ukusebenza kahle kokukhiqizwa kwamazambane, amapulazi athuthukile enza imishini yemishini yokulima lesi sitshalo, isebenzisa imbewu esezingeni eliphakeme, futhi yethula izinhlobo ezintsha ezikhiqiza kakhulu. Konke lokhu kuyisisekelo sokuqina kwamazambane akhula, wagcizelela u-Alexander Zavalishchin. Noma kunjalo, ngonyaka ka-2019, amabhizinisi akhula ngamazambane esifundeni saseChelyabinsk asetshenziselwa ukutshala hhayi nje kuphela imbewu evunyelwe ukusetshenziswa esifundeni sase-Ural, kodwa futhi engagudliwe umgwaqo - indawo etshalwe ngale mbewu yayisiyingxenye yayo yonke insimu yamazambane. Futhi lokhu yize iqiniso lokuthi izinhlobo ezingaphezu kwama-50 zamazambane zifakiwe kuRejista Yokufezekisa Okufezekiswe Ukusetshenziswa Esifundeni Sase-Ural. Ngakho-ke, abatshali bamazambane baseSouth Ural badinga ukwandisa isabelo sezinhlobonhlobo zezitshalo ezitshaliwe ezitshalweni zabo, ikakhulukazi njengoba ukusetshenziswa kwembewu yezinhlobonhlobo namuhla kungenye yezimo zokusekelwa kombuso kokukhula kwamazambane, okubandakanya imixhaso eyisinxephezelo, kanye noxhaso lokuthengwa kwembewu elite.
Enkulumweni yakhe yokuvula, u-Alexander Zavalishchin uphinde wakhuluma ngengqalasizinda yokugcina amazambane nemifino esifundeni. Inani eliphelele lawo wonke ama-storages namuhla ngamathani ayizinkulungwane eziyi-174, iningi lawo elinomoya ophansi ophoqelekile, kanti ama-26% azo zonke izitolo ezifakwe imishini yokuqandeka. Ezinye zalezi zindawo sezivele zithathwa njengezingekho emthethweni, ngakho-ke iPhini likaNgqongqoshe Wokuqala lidonsela ukunakekela kwababambe iqhaza kwi-webinar ukuthi kungenzeka bathole uxhaso uma kwenzeka kwakhiwa izikhungo ezintsha noma zokuvuselela okwakudala: umbuso unxephezela cishe ingxenye yezindleko zomsebenzi wokwakha nowokufaka. Lolu hlobo lokusekelwa eChelyabinsk
Kuze kube manje, amapulazi amathathu asebenzise lesi sifunda: i-Agro-Resource LLC, i-Akbashevsky Sovkhoz ne-AO Krasnoarmeyskoye Agricultural Enterprise, amakhono anamuhla afinyelela kumathani ayizinkulungwane eziyi-7,2. Ngo-2020, kuhlelwa ukuthi kwakhiwe isitolo semifino e-Akbashevsky Sovkhoz ngomthamo wamathani ayizinkulungwane ezimbili. Ukunisela kudlala indima enkulu ekulimeni amazambane nemifino. Kulesi sifunda, indawo yezindawo eziniselwa ngamazambane nemifino ezindaweni ezivulekile ziba ngamahektare angama-2 2800 - okungaphezu kwengxenye yesithathu yendawo ephelele ngaphansi kwezilimo zalezi zilimo. Unyaka ka-2020 ukhombise futhi ukuthi isivuno esihle nesisezingeni eliphakeme ngeke sitholakale ngaphandle kwezinhlelo zokunisela, ngakho-ke, uMnyango Wezolimo esifundeni uhlela ukuqalisa ukuheha izinkampani ezixhaswe ngemali ebanjiswana ngemali ebanjiswelwa kwisabelomali sesifunda semisebenzi yokunisela neyokudonsa ngalonyaka. Ukubuyiselwa kwezindleko kuzoba ngaphezu kwama-70%.
Njengoba omunye wabahleli be-webinar abeyiSouth Ural Research Institute of Horticulture and Potato Growing, iningi labasebenzi bayo benza imibiko ngemisebenzi yesikhungo, ukuzalanisa nomsebenzi wesayensi. Inhloko yalesi sikhungo, uMvikeli weSayensi Yezolimo uNikolai Glaz ubalule izinkinga ezixazululwe yisikhungo emkhakheni wezokukhiqiza imbewu yamazambane, umcwaningi oholayo emnyangweni okhulisa amazambane, udokotela wesayensi yezolimo u-Alexander Vasiliev ubike ngokuthuthuka kwetheknoloji yokulima amazambane esifundeni sase Chelyabinsk, kanye nomcwaningi omkhulu walesi sikhungo uTamara Dergileva ithuthukiswe esikhungweni sesayensi. UVasily Dergilev, ongumcwaningi omkhulu, ophakanyiselwe isayensi yezolimo, umemezele ukwakhiwa kwezimo ezifanele zokukhulisa amazambane ezimweni ezimweni zangonyaka ka-2020.
I-YUNIISK idala izinhlobo ezintsha zamazambane ezethembisayo, lo msebenzi mude futhi udinga indlela yokudala. Lesi Sikhungo namuhla siyigatsha le-Ural Federal Agrarian Research Center le-Ural Branch leRussian Academy of Science futhi lithokozela ukwesekwa kwesayensi nangokwenyama kwalesi Sikhungo.
Izinhlobo ezethembisayo zamazambane ekukhetheni kweYUNIISK nazo ziyahlolwa futhi zikhule esifundeni esiseduze sase-Orenburg. Usosayensi ovela eFederal Science Science Center for Biological Systems and Agricultural Technologies of the Russian Academy of Science, Doctor of kilimo Yezolimo, u-Alexander Mushinsky, ukhulume ngemiphumela yokuhlolwa ezimeni eziniselwa yizindawo ezingena ngaphansi kwesifunda se-Orenburg.
Futhi kwi-webinar, inkulumo yenziwa ngummeli wenkampani iBayer, enikezela ngemikhiqizo yokuvikela izitshalo. ULyudmila Kuznetsova ukhulume ngemiphumela yokuhlolwa kwezidakamizwa zale nkampani ezitshalweni ezahlukahlukene emapulazini esifundeni saseChelyabinsk. UKsenia Vanina, umphathi wegatsha le-Federal State Budgetary Institution "Rosselkhoztsentr" esifundeni saseChelyabinsk, ubikele ababambe iqhaza kwi-webinar ngesimo sokutshala amazambane, mayelana nezifo kanye nezinambuzane ezisongela lesi sitshalo.
Kwabanjwa umhlangano wokukhula kwamazambane ochwepheshe abasebenza embonini esifundeni saseChelyabinsk besebenzisa ubuchwepheshe be-Intanethi okokuqala futhi kwaba nokucebile futhi kuyathakazelisa. Lokhu kuphawulwe yibo bonke ababambe iqhaza engqungqutheleni ye-inthanethi. Vele, kwakungekho ukuxhumana bukhoma, ukushintshaniswa okuqondile kwesipiliyoni, noma kunjalo, wonke umuntu wazifundela yena nomsebenzi wakhe izinto eziningi ezintsha nezinosizo. Ngalo mcimbi, i-YUNIISK ikhiphe incwadi ekhethekile ngezinto zomhlangano neminye imisebenzi ezodingeka kubo bonke abakhiqizi bezambane esifundeni.