Ngokusho kwe-EastFruit, ezinyangeni ezinhlanu zokuqala zesizini yamanje kuphela, izwe likwazile ukuthekelisa cishe ngokuphindwe kathathu kwale mikhiqizo kunangonyaka odlule wokumaketha. Ngaleso sikhathi, ukungeniswa kwesitashi samazambane e-Ukraine kwehle kakhulu, futhi ibhalansi yezohwebo yezwe ingase ifinyelele izinkomba ezinhle okokuqala ngqa eminyakeni emihlanu edlule.
Ingabe yonke into inhle kangaka empeleni, ingabe i-Ukraine ikwazile ukuguqula umkhuba wesitashi samazambane esingenisiwe, futhi yimaphi amathemba imikhiqizo yase-Ukraine enawo emakethe yomhlaba? I-EastFruit inikezela ukuyixazulula ngosizo luka-Sergey Samonenko, umqondisi we-VIMAL, umkhiqizi ohamba phambili kanye nomthengisi wesitashi e-Ukraine, kanye no-Evgeny Kuzin, inhloko yamaphrojekthi ngamazwe ngamazwe i-Fruit-Inform.com, okuwukuphela kwe-ejensi yolwazi kanye ne-ejensi yokuhlaziya e-Ukraine. ochwepheshe emakethe yezithelo nemifino.
Esikhathini esisuka kuSepthemba 2020 kuya kuJanuwari 2021 kuphela, i-Ukraine ikwazile ukuthekelisa cishe amathani ayizinkulungwane eziyi-1,1 esitashi samazambane, kanti ezinkathini ezedlule, amanani okuthunyelwa kwamanye amazwe unyaka wonke wokumaketha asukela kumathani ayi-100-400. Khonamanjalo, ukuthengwa kwamanye amazwe ezinyangeni ezinhlanu zokuqala zesizini yamanje kufinyelele amathani angama-700 kuphela, okuphinde kube nerekhodi eliphansi ngalesi sikhathi okungenani eminyakeni emihlanu edlule yokumaketha.
Ukhiye futhi okuwukuphela kwemakethe yokuthengisa yesitashi samazambane sase-Ukraine phesheya kule sizini isiphenduke i-China, engenise cishe u-95% wakho konke okuthunyelwa ngaphandle kwase-Ukraine futhi isikwazile ukusetha irekhodi elisha lokuthengwa kwempahla evela e-Ukraine. Kusukela ngoSepthemba 2020 kuya kuJanuwari 2021 kuphela, amathani angaphezu kwe-1 emikhiqizo yase-Ukraine athunyelwa eChina.
"Ngakolunye uhlangothi, i-Ukraine ikwazile ukwenza impumelelo yangempela emakethe yesitashi samazambane aseShayina ezinkathini ezimbalwa ezedlule, futhi manje singasho ukuthi iChina isiba yindawo ehamba phambili yokuthumela ngaphandle embonini yase-Ukraine," kusho uSergei Samonenko. - Kodwa empeleni, kunenkinga efihlwe ezigcawini zokuthekelisa isitashi sase-Ukraine e-China - abakhiqizi base-Ukraine bavele baxoshwa emakethe yabo ngokulahla izimpahla ezivela e-Republic of Belarus. Ukuthengisa kwasekhaya kuletha ukulahlekelwa okuqondile, futhi ukuthekelisa eChina okungenani kuyithuba elithile lokuhlinzeka ngokungenzeka kwezomnotho ukukhiqizwa kwesitashi samazambane e-Ukraine. "
“Izwe laseChina lihamba phambili emhlabeni ekuthengeni zonke izinhlobo zesitashi futhi ngonyaka lithenga amathani ayizigidi ezimbili kuya kwezintathu zalo mkhiqizo. Nakuba isigaba esikhulu sokungenisa emakethe yaseShayina kuyisitashi esikhiqizwa ezigabeni ezishisayo zomdumbula, ukungeniswa kwamanye amazwe kwesitashi samazambane nakho kubaluleke kakhulu. Naphezu komthamo wayo obalulekile wokukhiqiza, iChina iyizwe lesikhombisa emhlabeni ekuthengisweni kwesitashi samazambane. Ngakho-ke, ngokukhiqizwa konyaka okungamathani ayizinkulungwane ezingama-450-500 esitashi samazambane, iChina isangenisa amanye amathani ayizinkulungwane ezingama-30-60 alo mkhiqizo, ”kuphawula u-Yevgeny Kuzin.
"Inani lamanje lokungeniswa kwesitashi samazambane e-Ukraine elingamathani ayi-1,1 linomthelela omncane emakethe yaseShayina futhi libukeka lingelutho uma liqhathaniswa nezinto ezithengwayo ezivela e-EU," kuphawula uSerhiy Samonenko.
Ngokusho kwe-FAS USDA, inkinga enkulu embonini yokucubungula amazambane eChina izinga eliphansi lezinto zokusetshenziswa. Ukuze kukhiqizwe isitashi emakethe yaseShayina, imikhiqizo enqatshiwe engeyona ejwayelekile ivame ukusetshenziswa, futhi ukuze kuhlangatshezwane nesidingo semakethe yesitashi sekhwalithi ephezulu, abadlali basekhaya baphoqeleka ukuthi basingenise phesheya. "Ikhwalithi yesitashi sase-Ukraine ingenye yezinto ezibaluleke kakhulu ekuphumeleleni kwe-Ukraine emakethe yaseShayina," kuvuma uSerhiy Samonenko. "Isiqinisekiso esicacile sekhwalithi ephezulu yesitashi samazambane esinikezwa sisuka e-Ukraine siya eChina amaqiniso asebhaliwe okukopisha ukupakishwa kwemikhiqizo yethu emakethe yaseChina."
Isitashi sase-Ukraine sithuthukiswa emakethe yaseShayina, okuhlanganisa neziteshi zokuxhumana zesimanje, ngokwesibonelo, ngenguqulo yendawo yenethiwekhi yokuxhumana nabantu i-TikTok. Khumbula ukuthi ngokufanayo ukukhangisa imikhiqizo yabo futhi, isibonelo, abathumeli bemikhiqizo evela e-Chile, izwe elithathwa njengelinye lamabhentshimakhi emikhankaso yokuphromotha emhlabeni wezolimo.
"Noma kunjalo, nakuba i-Ukraine ikwazile ukungena futhi yazuza amandla emakethe yaseShayina, amathemba ase-Ukraine kwezinye izinkomba zokuthumela ngaphandle awabalulekile kangako. Futhi sonke siyakhumbula ukuthi ukuthembela emakethe yokuthengisa eyodwa kuphela kanjani, - kuxwayisa uSergei Samenenko. - Uma sicabangela izimakethe zokuthengisa ezingomakhelwane, i-Ukraine manje ayinawo amathuba okunikezwa okusebenzayo kwesitashi samazambane. Wonke amazwe asizungezile, futhi ikakhulukazi amalungu e-Belarus, eRussia nase-EU, asekela ngenkuthalo ukukhiqizwa kwesitashi ezingeni likahulumeni. Ngenxa yalokho, amanani okuthunyelwa kwethu emazweni angemva kweSoviet mancane, futhi kukhona nokuncintisana okunzima kulezi zimakethe. Futhi abakhiqizi abavela kulawa mazwe bathumela ngenkuthalo imikhiqizo yabo e-Ukraine, okwenza ingcindezi enkulu emakethe yase-Ukraine kanye nentengo yayo. "
"Ngokuqondene ne-EU, lesi sifunda empeleni asingenisi isitashi samazambane emazweni angaphandle kwe-EU, kodwa singumthengisi omkhulu walo mkhiqizo, esithumela minyaka yonke kwezinye izimakethe, kubandakanya ne-Ukraine, sisuka kumathani ayizinkulungwane ezingama-250 kuye kwangama-470 esitashi," imibono Yevgeny Kuzin ...
“Ngaphezu kwalokho, i-EU inesabelo sokungenisa isitashi esivela e-Ukraine sokungenisa ngaphandle kwentela amathani ayizinkulungwane eziyi-10 azo zonke izinhlobo zemikhiqizo, egcwaliswa ngokushesha abahlinzeki base-Ukraine, ikakhulukazi isitashi sombila,” kunezela uSerhiy Samonenko.
Ngaphezu kwalokho, amazwe e-EU, ikakhulukazi iPoland, kanye neBelarus bangabadlali abakhuthele emakethe yase-Ukraine yesitashi samazambane esingenisiwe. Lawa mazwe womabili isizini ngayinye ahlinzeka kusuka ku-85% kuya ku-94% kukho konke ukuthengwa kwesitashi esivela kumazambane e-Ukraine.
Khonamanjalo, ngokumelene nesizinda sokulahlwa okusebenzayo kwempahla evela eRiphabhulikhi yaseBelarus ezinkathini zakamuva zonyaka, ngokusho kukaSergei Samonenko, emabhizinisini ayisithupha ase-Ukraine angakwazi ukukhiqiza imikhiqizo yawo, mabili kuphela athulwe ngesizini yokucubungula ka-2020-2021.
“Isibonelo sesizini ka-2019/20 singase sibe yinkomba, lapho izici ezimbalwa ezingezinhle zihlangana emakethe ngesikhathi esisodwa, okuholele ekunyukeni okunamandla kokuthengwa kwempahla evela kwamanye amazwe. Ngakho-ke, ukuqhubeka kokulahlwa kwesitashi esivela eRiphabhulikhi yaseBelarus kwalandelwa ekwindla ukubuyekezwa okubukhali kwemali kazwelonke, okwathuthukisa kakhulu amathuba okungenisa isitashi samazambane futhi kwanciphisa ukuncintisana kwabadayisi base-Ukraine. Engeza kulokhu ukunyuka kancane kancane kwezindleko zamandla, futhi sithola enye yezibalo zerekhodi zokungeniswa kwesitashi samazambane emazweni lapho, ngaphezu kwalokho, kunezinhlelo ezisebenzayo zokusekela nokuxhasa umkhakha wamazambane. Ngenxa yalokho, imakethe ibuswa ukungeniswa kwamanye amazwe, futhi intengo yesitashi e-Ukraine engxenyeni yokuqala yesizini yehla ngengxenye yesithathu isuka ku-UAH 28/kg iye ku-UAH 19/kg, ”kwengeza uSerhiy Samonenko.
NgokukaSergey Samenenko, isilinganiso esimaphakathi sokukhiqizwa kwesitashi samazambane e-Ukraine kuze kube ngu-2019 sasingu-10-15%. Ngakho-ke, abakhiqizi base-Ukraine sebevele bephoqelekile ukuthi bathengise imikhiqizo yabo ngaphansi kwezindleko. Zonke izinkomba zokusebenza kwamabhizinisi embonini zaba zimbi kakhulu: amanani okukhiqiza ehla kakhulu, inzuzo, inzuzo kanye nezinkokhelo zentela zehla. Isimo asizange sibe ngcono ngokwehla kwentengo yokuthengwa kwamazambane.
Ngokwemvelo, isimo esinjalo esikhathini esizayo esiseduze kakhulu singaholela ekuvaleni okuphelele kwamabhizinisi kanye nemiphumela elimazayo embonini yesitashi namazambane akhula e-Ukraine. Ngomhla ziyi-15 kuZibandlela wezi-2020, i-Association of Potato and Starch Products Producers yase-Ukraine, eholwa nguMthetho wase-Ukraine "Okuvikeleka Kwabakhiqizi Bakazwelonke Ekulahleni Ukungenisa" komhla zingama-22.12.1998 kuZibandlela 330 No. 07-XIV, yafaka isikhalazo "Ngokwe ukuqaliswa kanye nokuqhutshwa kophenyo olumelene nokulahlwa mayelana nokungeniswa kwesitashi samazambane e-Ukraine esivela eRiphabhulikhi yaseBelarus ”kuya eMnyangweni Wezokuthuthukiswa Komnotho, Uhwebo Nezolimo wase-Ukraine, obhaliswe ngaphansi kweNombolo 115916 / 20-XNUMX.
Esinye isici esibalulekile ekubuseni kwesitashi samazambane esingenisiwe yikhwalithi yezinto ezingavuthiwe. Ngeshwa, kwesinye isikhathi ikhwalithi yezinto ezisetshenziswayo zase-Ukraine zokukhiqiza isitashi alikumelani nokugxekwa, yize amanani okuthenga amazambane aluhlaza e-Ukraine evame ukuba phezulu kunasemazweni aqhudelanayo,” kuqhuba uSergei Samenenko.
Ngendlela, njengoba u-Yevgeny Kuzin ephawula, isimo esifanayo siyabonwa emkhakheni wamazambane athengiswa e-Ukraine, ngoba, ngokumelene nesizinda sezinkinga eziqhubekayo ngekhwalithi yale mikhiqizo, i-Ukraine iyaqhubeka nokuchitha izigidi zamaRandi ekuthengeni amazambane angaphandle. , okuvumela abahlinzeki bemikhiqizo evela e-Belarus ukuthi bathole imali emakethe yase-Ukraine. I-Lithuania namanye amazwe aseYurophu.