Ochwepheshe beSikhungo Sengcweti Nokuhlaziya Sebhizinisi Lezolimo "AB-Center" balungiselele enye ucwaningo lokumaketha possiysky imakethe yamazambane... Ngezansi kukhona ezinye izingcaphuno ezivela ocwaningweni.
Imakethe yamazambane yaseRussia esikhathini samanje nesibikezelo ibonakala ngalezi:
- Ukwehliswa kosayizi wezindawo zokulima amazambane ngo-2020 nango-2021... Ngo-2019, indawo yayingamahektha ayizinkulungwane ezingama-305,3, ngo-2020 yehla yaba amahektha ayizinkulungwane ezingama-282,7. Ngo-2021, bekulindeleke ukuthi, uma kubhekwa izinga eliphezulu lamanani amazambane, i-acreage izokhula kancane maqondana no-2020. Eqinisweni, bona, ikakhulukazi ngenxa yokuqala sekwephuzile kwentwasahlobo, bancipha futhi baba amahektha ayizinkulungwane ezingama-274,0. Leli izinga eliphansi kakhulu kusukela ngo-2008.
- Ukwehla kwevolumu yokuvunwa kwamazambane ngo-2020 nango-2021. Ngo-2019, isivuno samazambane saba amathani ayizinkulungwane eziyi-7, ngo-564,9 sehle safinyelela kumathani ayizinkulungwane eziyi-2020, ngo-6, ngokusho kwe-AB-Center, cishe amathani ayizinkulungwane eziyi-811,1. Ukwehla kwenani lesivuno ngo-2021 akwenzekanga nje kuphela ngenxa yokuncipha kwe-acreage, kodwa nangenxa yokuncipha kwesivuno. Ngokwababambiqhaza bemakethe, ikhwalithi yesitshalo ngokwaso seyehlile.
- Izinga eliphansi uma kuqhathaniswa lokugxilwa kwesifunda kokukhiqiza... Amazambane alinywa ngesisekelo sezimboni cishe kuzo zonke izifunda zezwe. Izifunda ezi-TOP-5 (2020) zenza ama-37,3% azo zonke izimali ezikhokhwayo, izifunda ezi-TOP-10 - 51,9%, kanye ne-TOP-20 - 68,7%. Phakathi kwezifunda ezibalulekile ezikhulayo yizifunda zaseBryansk, Tula, Nizhny Novgorod, eMoscow, Sverdlovsk, Tyumen. Izifunda zase-Astrakhan, izifunda zaseRostov, izifunda zaseKrasnodar naseStavropol, kanye neRiphabhulikhi yaseKabardino-Balkarian zihamba phambili ngokuhlinzekwa kwamazambane okuqala emakethe.
Ezifundeni ezingama-20 zeRussian Federation, inani lamazambane avunwayo lidlula uphawu lwamathani ayizinkulungwane eziyi-100, esifundeni sama-21 izinkomba zisuka kumathani ayizinkulungwane ezingama-50 kuye kwezingama-99, ezifundeni ezingama-22 - ukusuka kumathani ayizinkulungwane eziyi-10 kuye kwezingama-49. Kwezinye izifunda ezikhulayo (izifunda eziyi-17), ukukhiqizwa kusezingeni elingadluli amathani ayizinkulungwane eziyi-10.
Ezifundeni ezingama-30 zaseRussia, ukukhiqizwa kwamazambane akhule ngokwezimboni kudlula umthamo wokusetshenziswa konyaka, izifunda ezingama-52 zikhiqiza amazambane ngamanani aphansi kunezinga lawo lokusetshenziswa kwesifunda.
- Ukubuyiselwa kwezimpahla zokungenisa amazambane eRussia... Ngo-2020, ukungeniswa kwamazambane eRussian Federation kukhuphuke maqondana no-2019 ngo-10,4% - kuze kufike kumathani ayizinkulungwane ezingama-392,7. NgoJanuwari-Agasti 2021, uma kuqhathaniswa nesikhathi esifanayo ngo-2020, ihlinzeka ngokuphindwe kabili futhi yaba amathani ayizinkulungwane ezingama-2.
Kulindeleke ukuthi ekupheleni kuka-2021, ukuthengwa kwamanye amazwe kuzodlula amathani ayizinkulungwane ezingu-600. Ngo-2022, ukunikezwa kungase kudlule kakhulu amavolumu abonwe ngo-2017-2018. (780-845 1 amathani) futhi asondele amagugu XNUMX million amathani.
Ukulethwa kwamanye amazwe kwakhiwa ikakhulukazi yi-Egypt, Belarus, Azerbaijan, Pakistan, Iran kanye ne-China. Futhi, ngamavolumu amakhulu, amazambane anikezwa iRussian Federation evela eGeorgia, Israel, Turkey naseSerbia.
- Ukukhula kokuthengiswa kwamazambane okuvela eRussia ngo-2019-2020... Ngo-2019, izimpahla, maqondana no-2018, zikhuphuke ngo-96,2% zaya kumathani ayizinkulungwane ezingama-292,6. Ngo-2020, uma kuqhathaniswa no-2019, bakhuphuke ngomunye u-21,6% futhi bafinyelela kumathani ayizinkulungwane ezingama-355,9. Ukwenyuka kokuthunyelwa kwamazambane athunyelwa kwamanye amazwe kuhlotshaniswe nezinga lentengo eliphansi uma kuqhathaniswa nesikhathi esibuyekezwayo.
Amazambane aseRussia ikakhulukazi athunyelwa emazweni afana ne-Ukraine, Azerbaijan, Uzbekistan, Moldova, neTurkmenistan. I-Azerbaijan ingumphakeli futhi ingumthengi wamazambane. Ukusuka kuleli zwe, ikakhulukazi amazambane okuqala angeniswa eRussia (kusukela ngo-Ephreli kuya kuJulayi), futhi ukusuka eRussia kuya e-Azerbaijan, amazambane anikezwa ngokuqondile ngenkathi eyinhloko, okungukuthi, ngo-August-Okthoba (ukulethwa kwenziwa kusukela ngo-August kuya ku-April) .
- Ukwehla kwevolumu yokuthunyelwa kwamazambane okuvela eRussia ngo-2021... Esimweni sokwehla kokukhiqizwa, kanye namanani aphezulu amazambane aseRussia, kule sizini kube nokwehla okukhulu kokuthunyelwa kwempahla kwamanye amazwe. Ekupheleni kukaJanuwari-Agasti 2021, ukuthunyelwa kwamazambane okuthekelisa okuvela eRussian Federation, maqondana nesikhathi esifanayo ngo-2020, kwehle ngo-73,9% kuya kumathani ayizinkulungwane ezingama-63,1.
- Izinkathi ezithile zonyaka zokungenisa kanye nokuthunyelwa kwamazambane kwamanye amazwe. Ivolumu enkulu yokungeniswa kwamazambane e-ware e-Russian Federation ngo-2018-2019 iwela esikhathini esisukela kuNdasa ukuya kuNhlangulana.
Isikhathi sonyaka sokuthengwa kwempahla kwamanye amazwe sidalwa kakhulu wukwanda kwezimpahla ezivela emazweni amakhulu ahlinzekayo. Futhi ngalesi sikhathi, ukunikezwa kwamazambane okukhiqizwa kwawo kuvame ukuncipha. Umthamo wokuthunyelwa kwamazambane avela eRussia wehla ikakhulukazi esikhathini esisuka kuSepthemba kuya kuDisemba.
- Ukukhuphuka kwamanani amazambane okungakaze kubonwe... Khumbula ukuthi ukuqiniswa kwamanani amazambane kwaphawulwa ngesizini edlule - 2020/2021 (Juni 2020 - Meyi 2021). Lokhu kungenxa yokwehliswa kwamavolumu eqoqo ngo-2020. Ngesizini ka-2021/2022, phakathi kokwehla okwengeziwe kokuhlinzekwa kwamazambane, amanani aqhubeka nokukhuphuka.
Imvamisa, inkathi yokuthengisa iqala ngezintengo eziphakeme ngokwesiko zamazambane okuqala ngoJuni nangoJulayi. Ngaphezu kwalokho, ngo-Agasti noSeptemba, ubuthakathaka babo obuphawulekayo buyabonakala. Esikhathini samanje, ngokuphambene nalokho, amanani aqiniswe kakhulu ngo-Agasti-Okthoba. Kuso sonke isikhathi esicatshangelwe ocwaningweni, isimo esinjalo asizange sibonwe ngaphambili ngamanani ngo-Agasti-Okthoba ukuze adlule izinga lentengo ngoJulayi.
Ekupheleni kuka-Okthoba noNovemba, amanani entengo amazambane ashintshwe kancane ehla, okuhlotshaniswa nokuphela kokugcinwa kwamazambane. Ngokuvamile, phakathi nenkathi, i-vector izohamba ngendlela yokukhula kwayo. Kungenzeka kakhulu ukuthi ekupheleni kukaMashi 2022, amanani aphelele amazambane eRussia azodlula ama-RUB 32,0 / kg. Kodwa-ke, kungenzeka ukuthi injabulo ngokuwa kwenani leqoqo izodlula futhi amanani azohlala emazingeni ka-Okthoba kuze kube ngu-April. Okuningi kuzoncika futhi emsebenzini wokulethwa kwamazambane kwamanye amazwe - ayoba aphezulu kangakanani amathuba e-Egypt, Pakistan, Iran kanye neChina okwandisa ukuthengwa kwempahla kwamanye amazwe.
- Ukwandiswa kwendawo yaphansi kanye nokukhula kwamarisidi aphelele ngo-2022. Uma kubhekwa izinga eliphezulu lamanani kule sizini yamanje, maningi amathuba okuthi kwandiswe indawo yokulima amazambane ngo-2022 iye kumahektha ayizinkulungwane ezingama-310,0. Nokho, okuningi kuzoncika ezintweni zemvelo kanye nesimo sezulu phakathi nomkhankaso wokuhlwanyela.
Ngokwesimo sokwanda okulindelekile ezindaweni, futhi kucatshangelwa ukuthi isivuno samazambane ngo-2022 sizoba ngamazinga ajwayelekile wonyaka eminyakeni engu-5 edlule, ukuvuna kungase kube amathani ayizinkulungwane ezingu-7.
Kulokhu, ukukhiqizwa kwamazambane eRussia ngo-2022 kuzodlula kancane izidingo zemakethe, okungase kuholele ekwehleni okukhulu kwamanani entengo ngesizini ka-2022/2023.
Umbhalo ogcwele wocwaningo ungatholakala kokuthi isixhumanisi.