Namuhla, abaphathi bezifunda nabezolimo bakhulisa kakhulu izindleko zokuqothula insimbi ka-Sosnovsky, kepha ukhula oluyingozi lumelana nokulinywa, futhi indawo yezindawo lapho ikhonjwa khona iyanda ngokushesha okukhulu. Ukuqothula inkathazo ngama-herbicides ajwayelekile kakhulu asuselwa ku-glyphosate, akwanele ukuphatha indawo yakhe ekhula kanye, noma ngabe kwenziwa iminyaka eminingana. Kodwa-ke, amalungiselelo athuthukisiwe asevele evumela ukubhekana nokukhubazeka ekwelashweni okungu-1-2, kanye nokuhlanganiswa kwezinto ezisebenzayo ezisebenza isikhathi eside nobuchwepheshe obungenakuhlelwa kungaletha ukusebenza kahle kokulawulwa kokhula kuzinga elisha, kusho inkampani ka-Agasti.
Minyaka yonke inkinga yokuhlaselwa kukaSosnovsky eRussia iya iba nzima ngokwengeziwe. Indawo engaphansi kokhula oluyingozi, okuthi isisi sayo sibangele ukushiswa okulimala lapho kuvezwa ukukhanya, inyuke cishe ngo-15% ngonyaka. Futhi kwezinye izindawo ezivulekile ngenxa "yokuguquguquka" kwembewu ngalesi sikhathi, zingakwazi ukuphinda kabili futhi kathathu. Ama-hogweed asusa ezinye izitshalo, okuba yinhlekelele yangempela yezindawo zemvelo ezivikelwe ngokukhethekile. Kusetshenziswa imali eningi ekuchithweni kwayo, kepha akukwanele. Isibonelo, esifundeni saseMoscow, isifunda esihola phambili kulolu daba, kunohlelo oluhlosiwe lapho ama-ruble angaphezu kwezigidi ezingama-300 abelwa khona minyaka yonke ukulwa ukulwa ne-hogweed (kuze kube ngu-2018, inani laliphindwe kaningi). Indawo yezindawo zaseMosay Region lapho ukhula lwatholakala khona ngonyaka ka-2018 ibingamahektha ayinkulungwane ezingama-32, okungukuthi, ngaphezulu kwama-ruble ayizinkulungwane eziyi-9 kwihektha ngalinye. Kodwa-ke, kulo nyaka, indawo ethelelekile, ngokusho kokuqapha kwakamuva, isivele ikhule yaba ngamahektha ayi-69.
Ekuqaleni, i-Sosnovsky hogweed yalwa ngosizo lokucheba (futhi kwezinye izikhathi bayaqhubeka nokulwa manje - ngokwesibonelo, ezindaweni zokuvikela amanzi nasezindaweni zemvelo zemvelo). Kamuva, ezindaweni lapho kuvunyelwe khona ukusetshenziswa kwamakhemikhali okuvikela izitshalo, amalungiselelo asuselwa ku-glyphosate ayanda: kwatholakala ukuthi ayabizi kakhulu futhi kulula ukuyisebenzisa. Njenge-herbicide ehlelekile, i-glyphosate iseyindlela yokulawula izinambuzane ethandwa ngokuvimbela ukwakheka kwama-amino acid abalulekile futhi ibangele i-desiccation. Kodwa-ke, ukubhujiswa kwemishini kwe-cow parsnip ne-glyphosate kune-drawback ejwayelekile: ayinamphumela wenzalo ezinamandla okuhlala isebenza emhlabathini iminyaka engaba ngu-5-6 (empeleni, lesi yisizathu sokusetshenziswa kwe-glyphosate okusanhlamvu: okusanhlamvu uqobo kuhlushwa ngakho). Ngaphezu kwalokho, njenge-herbicide yesenzo esiqhubekayo, i-glyphosate inika umphumela "womhlaba owukhuni": hhayi kuphela ukhula olushabalala, kepha nezinye izitshalo.
"Cishe eminyakeni eyisikhombisa eyedlule, kwaqala inguquko ngezindlela zokulwa nokulwa kukaSosnovsky eRussia," kusho uYuri Dyakonov, umphathi wamakhasimende asemqoka enkabeni yeCentral neNorth-West yale nkampani ka-Agasti. - Kunesidingo sezidakamizwa ezingeke zinciphise ukhula kuphela, kepha zizohlanganisa izakhiwo ezinjengobungani bemvelo, umnotho, ukusebenza kahle kanye nesikhathi somphumela. Njengomphumela, saqala ukusebenzisa izindlela zokuqhubeka hhayi zokuqhubeka, kepha zezokuzikhethela, futhi manje sincoma isethi yamalungiselelo ethu "Gorgon" no "Magnum" wokuqothulwa kwe-hogweed. "
Isithako esisebenzayo seMagnum - metsulfuron-methyl - singesesigaba samakhemikhali se-sulfonylurea futhi siyisitjalo esibulala ukhula esisanhlamvu okusanhlamvu, kusho uchwepheshe. Yize abalimi beyazi inkinga yabo eyinhloko - ukwehla kwesikhathi eside, okubeka imingcele ekushintsheni kwezilimo. Kodwa-ke, esimweni se-hogweed, ubude bomphumela womuthi, ngokungafani nalokho, usebenza njengenzuzo. Ngaphezu kokuthinta isitshalo uqobo, kwakha isikrini senhlabathi esivikelayo esivimba imbewu yokhula ukuba ingakhuli ngonyaka olandelayo ngemuva kokwelashwa.
Kubukeka sengathi i-metsulfuron-methyl eyodwa kufanele yanele ukumiselela i-glyphosate, kodwa futhi inezici ezimbalwa ezenza ingafani nendawo yonke. Okokuqala, icindezela isisindo esiluhlaza sesitshalo sezinambuzane ukusebenza kahle okuncane kunamanye ama-herbicides, kanti okwesibili, iziveza kabi emazingeni okushisa aphansi. Ukuze uthole isikrini somhlabathi esinokwethenjelwa, ukucutshungulwa kumele kwenziwe ngesikhathi esichazwe ngokuqinile, lapho isimo sezulu sifudumele, kepha iparsnip yenkomo ayizange ikhule ngaphezulu kuka-35 cm futhi yavumela umuthi ukuthi ufike phansi: engxenyeni yesibili kaMeyi kuya kuJuni 10, ubukhulu.
Ukubhekana nesitshalo uqobo, ngaphezu kweMagnum, ongoti baka-Agasti batusa ukulungiswa kweGorgon, okuhlanganisa izithako ezisebenzayo njenge-picloram ne-MCPA, ebhubhisa ngempumelelo inkomo uqobo lwayo. Kodwa-ke, lokhu kukude nesigaba sokugcina ekwandiseni ukusebenza ngempumelelo kokulwa nakho, ngoba izinguquko emthethweni osemthethweni, kanye namakhono obuchwepheshe obuthile, adinga ukubuyekeza imishanguzo esetshenzisiwe.
"Zombili izithako ezisebenzayo eGorgon zisebenza kakhulu, kanti namhlanje sidinga umuthi ongasetshenziswa emoyeni, ngokuzayo - ezindaweni zokuhlala," kusho uYuri Dyakonov. - Lokhu kubalulekile ngenxa yezizathu eziningana. Okokuqala, ukukhululeka kwenhlabathi ngaphansi kwamathanga okugoqwa ngokuvamile akuvumeli noma ngabakhi noma izifutho ukuthi zisebenze lapho: noma yimuphi umgodi ofihliwe uyingozi yemishini ebizayo eyenzelwe ukusetshenziswa endimeni evulekile. Okwesibili, ngonyaka ka-2020, okuwukuphela kwesidakamizwa esisele esingasetshenziswa ukulwa nama-hogweed ezindaweni zokuhlala - iTornado yethu esekelwe ku-glyphosate (360 g / lit) - yavinjwa ukusebenza ezindaweni ezinjalo. Lokhu kwenzeke phakathi kokuwohloka okujwayelekile kokusetshenziswa kwe-glyphosate eYurophu. Ngakho-ke, manje sidinga ngokushesha isithombe "esihlanzekile": sinomuthi onjalo esigabeni sokubhalisa, futhi silwela ukuqinisekisa ukuthi kuvunyelwe ukucubungulwa ezindaweni zokuhlala. Futhi, i-picloram ilungele ukwelashwa kwendiza, kuyilapho iGorgon ingabhaliswanga ukusetshenziswa okunjalo.
Iminyaka emithathu manje, inkampani "Agasti" ibilokhu ibambisana nabakhiqizi bama-Russian ama-drones, ihlolwa ezindaweni zayo zokushayela eMoscow, Leningrad nase Volgograd ukusebenza ngempumelelo kwezidakamizwa ekulweni nomoya ovela emoyeni. Izici ezinomkhawulo kule nqubo yisidingo sokwengeza kabusha amakhophi kanye nomthamo wazo omncane wokuthwala. Lokhu kusho ukuthi inani lezidakamizwa ezidliwayo kufanele lincane, kepha ukusebenza kwalo kufanele kugcinwe.
"I-quadrocopter yesimanje futhi engabizi kakhulu iyakwazi ukuphakamisa izidakamizwa ezi-5, okungamalitha ayi-10 wezidakamizwa emoyeni," kuchaza uYuri Dyakonov. - Lokhu kwanele ngokwesilinganiso samahektha ayi-1. Usuku olusebenza amahora angama-8 kule modi, kuvela ukuthi licubungula amahektha ayi-8. Lokhu kungaphansi impela uma ukwelashwa kwenziwa kusetshenziswa i-sprayer yezolimo: ngobude be-boom amamitha angama-25 nesivinini se-3 km / h, kungamboza ngaphezu kwamahektha ayi-7 ngehora. Kodwa-ke, ama-Copter anikeza ithuba lokulwa nama-hogweed ezindaweni ezishiyiwe lapho zivame ukukhula khona. Futhi, njengoba izivivinyo zethu zikhombisile, ukuhambisana nemigomo yokusetshenziswa kwezidakamizwa - ezigabeni zokuqala zokukhula kwezitshalo - kukuvumela ukuthi udlule ngemithamo emincane. Ngaphezu kwalokho, ubunzima bezinto ezisebenzayo ezisetshenziswayo zenza ukuthi sikwazi ukugcina ikhava yezitshalo eduze nokhula. "
Ngokusho kochwepheshe benkampani "Agasti", lapho usebenzisa inhlanganisela yezinto ezisebenzayo njengemetsulfuron-methyl, i-picloram ne-MCPA (futhi ngokuzayo - metsulfuron-methyl + picloram), izindleko zokuqothula i-hogweed zingancishiswa kaningana. U-Yuri Dyakonov uthi akazazi izibonelo zokubhujiswa okuphelele kwalokhu ukhula ngendlela yemishini - ukugunda. Ukwelashwa kwesitshalo ngamalungiselelo asuselwa ku-glyphosate, okuyiyona "ukugunda ngamakhemikhali", nakho akuqinisekisi impumelelo, noma ngabe le nqubo iyaphindaphindwa iminyaka eminingana ilandelana. "Isizukulwane esisha" semithi asibizi ngaphezu kwesithathu kunemikhiqizo esekwe ku-glyphosate, kuyilapho ingakwazi ukusula indawo yesinambuzane, ngokuya ngemithetho, kokukodwa, izicelo ezimbili. Kumele kuqashelwe ukuthi i-hogweed endaweni esuliwe kufanele ithathelwe indawo ngezinye izitshalo: uma kungenjalo, imbewu yayo kungenzeka iphinde iwele emhlabathini. Uma ungahleleli ukutshala noma yini esizeni, khona-ke ukutshala utshani obungapheli - i-clover nokusanhlamvu - kungaba yisixazululo esifanelekile.
"Ukusetshenziswa kwezidakamizwa ezisebenzayo ukulwa nokuvinjezelwa kukaSosnovsky, ikakhulukazi ezingeni lomasipala abancane, namhlanje kubeka umkhawulo ekusebenzeni ngokwawo: izinkampani zosonkontileka zehlisela intengo ephansi kangangokuba izidakamizwa ezishibhile ezisuka e-glyphosate ezivela eChina zihlala phakathi kwemali ekhona," kusho uYuri Dyakonov. "Kodwa-ke, umsebenzi wokuchazwa uyaqhubeka, kwezinye izindawo, imigomo yamathenda isivele ikhombisa amagama ezinto ezisebenzayo noma nezidakamizwa ezithile kanye nezimpawu zazo. Ukusabalala kwalesi senzo kumele sikhuthaze ukusebenza ngempumelelo kokulwa ne-hogweed eRussia. "
Izinto ezihlinzekwa yinkonzo yabezindaba yenkampani "Agasti"