Imidondoshiya yase-Agrochemical iya ngokuya ifisa ukuthuthukiswa nokukhiqizwa kwemikhiqizo yezinto eziphilayo ukuze kuvikeleke izitshalo ezibalulekile, kepha yisiphi isitshalo esizoba esokuqala ukunikela ngezinto ezingavuthiwe zokuncintisana?
Imithi yokubulala izinhlungu ngamakhemikhali iye yaqashelwa njengengxenye ebalulekile yomkhakha wokudla womhlaba wonke amashumishumi eminyaka.
Selokhu kwaqala iMonsanto ngeminyaka yo-1970, izisebenzi zokuvikela izitshalo ezisuselwa ku-glyphosate zisize ukwanda nokuphepha kokudla komhlaba wonke.
Leli khemikhali selibaluleke kakhulu embonini yezolimo kangangokuba ukususwa kwalo kanyekanye ohlelweni lwezolimo lwanamuhla kube nobungozi bokubulawa yindlala. Yize kunjalo, ukumiliselwa komphakathi okungekuhle kwe-anti-glyphosate, okubhebhethekiswa yizishoshovu ze-eco (basola i-glyphosate ngokuthola i-oncology ebantwini), kuyithuluzi elinamandla lokufaka ingcindezi kubalawuli ukuthola izindlela ezingaphephe, ezilandelwa ukwenqatshelwa kwe-glyphosate.
Abahlaziyi bakholelwa ukuthi intuthuko enjalo - ukukhishwa kwe-glyphosate ezimakethe - kuyiqiniso impela.
IFrance neGermany ihlela ukuvimba ukusetshenziswa kwe-glyphosate ngonyaka ka 2021 nango-2023, kanti amanye amazwe kungenzeka alandele lokho kungekudala. Ngokunikezwa iqiniso lokuthi izindlela eziningi zokwenziwa ziyaqhubeka futhi zisesigabeni sokuhlolwa, ukunqatshelwa okukhulu kumakhambi asetshenziswa kakhulu emhlabeni kuzosebenza “emzileni,” kuxwayisa ochwepheshe.
Kusenethemba lokuthi lezo zinkampani ezinkulu kakhulu zezolimo zinabasebenzi bezesayensi kanye nezimali zokuhlinzeka abalimi ngemikhiqizo evikela izitshalo zemvelo ephephile ngempumelelo efakazelwe njalo. Kukhona izinzuzo zabakhiqizi be-biopesticide.
Imakethe yamanje ye-biopesticides inenani lama- $ 3,6 billion, futhi kulindeleke ukuthi ikhule ifike ku- $ 2025 billion ngo-10,2. Kulokhu, ngokusho kochwepheshe, ukuncintisana kwemikhiqizo yezinto eziphilayo ngama-agrochemicals kungenzeka ukuthi kube nemiphumela efanayo nemikhiqizo yokwenziwa kwendabuko. Uma ekukhiqizweni okuncane kwezitshalo ezincane eziqiwini ezincane zezolimo, abalimi bakulungele ukufaka ingxenye yesilimo egameni lomqondo wokuthola izilimo ze-eco-ke lapho izinga lokuphathwa kwezitshalo ezinkulu, izazi zezolimo namaxhaphozi kungenzeka ukuthi zamukele umthwalo wokulahleka kwesivuno ngenxa yezifo noma izinambuzane.
Inkampani yase-Agrochemical Syngenta isanda kumemezela ukuthi icwaninga ngentshiseko nemithi yokubulala izinambuzane yemvelo ukugcwalisa legebe lesidingo semakethe. Kodwa-ke, inkampani ayizange imemezele usuku oluqondile lokukhishwa.
IBayer yethule i-Serenade biofungicide yayo yokuqala eChina. Ngenxa ye-Symbiosis emaphethelweni ezimpande, lo mkhiqizo uyakwazi ukudala isithiyo esivikela ezimpandeni zezitshalo. Ukusiza izitshalo ukuthi zithole umsoco osebenza kahle enhlabathini, kuvumela nokuthi uhlelo lwezimpande lukhule ngamandla futhi lwenze nokuvikelwa kwezifo, okunciphisa ingozi yezifo. I-Serenade iqukethe i-QST713, i-biocontrol microorganism ene-gram-positive, ama-bacterium akhiwe ngenduku asakazeke ezindaweni ezahlukahlukene. I-microorganism inamandla okumelana nengcindezi, ibhebhetheka ngaphezulu kwenhlabathi nezitshalo. Ngasikhathi sinye, izinhlobo ze-endophyte azinobuthi futhi azinabungozi kubantu, imfuyo kanye nemvelo.
Imikhiqizo etholakala embewini yesinaphi ivame ukubhekwa njengento eluhlaza ethembisayo yokukhiqiza ama-biopesticides. Ososayensi baphawula ukuthi lezi yizidakamizwa ezifundwa kahle kakhulu ezinemiphumela emihle ebhaliwe yokusetshenziswa kwimifino, izitshalo zezithelo kanye nezitshalo zikagwayi. Ngakho-ke, kungenzeka ukuthi imikhiqizo yokuvikela izitshalo zesinaphi izoba ngeyokuqala ukuncintisana ngokweqiniso nama-biopesticides. (Kususelwa kudaba lukaColin Bletsky, oyiChief Operating Officer, MustGrow Biologics Corp, Canada).