Ezinyangeni eziyisishiyagalolunye zokuqala zonyaka, iRussia yathumela ngaphandle amathani ayizinkulungwane ezingama-254,8 amazambane (ukudla nembewu), okucishe kube ngu-36% ngaphezu kwesikhathi esifanayo ngonyaka odlule, kusho uRoman Nekrasov, umqondisi woMnyango Wokukhiqiza Izitshalo eMnyangweni Wezolimo. Ngokwezimali, ukuthunyelwa kwamanye amazwe kukhuphuke ngama-38,7% (kuya ku- $ 30,3 wezigidi, ngo-2015 inani laliyingxenye yalokho).
Ngokusho kukaNekrasov, abathengi abakhulu bamazambane ethu embewu yi-Azerbaijan, Kyrgyzstan, Kazakhstan, Serbia, Turkmenistan neBelarus. Futhi amazambane asetafuleni ayadingeka e-Ukraine, Uzbekistan, Georgia, Moldova, Tajikistan.
Kodwa-ke, ngenkathi ukungeniswa kwamazambane kuncipha, kusadlula ukuthekelisa. Ezinyangeni eziyisishiyagalolunye zika-2020, amathani ayizinkulungwane ezingama-293,4 angeniswe eRussia (ngonyaka odlule - amathani ayizinkulungwane ezingama-298,3). Ngasikhathi sinye, amazambane ahlinzekwa ngezinga elikhulu esikhathini sokuvala, ngoMashi nangoJuni. Ngakho-ke, kuyadingeka ukuthuthukisa amandla wokugcina amazambane eRussia. Kuze kube manje, zanele ukugcina imikhiqizo engamathani ayizigidi eziyi-4,5 ngonyaka. Ngokusho kukaRoman Nekrasov, ngo-2025 izwe selizokhiqiza amathani ayizigidi eziyi-7,575 amazambane, ngakho-ke sizofinyelela ezinhlosweni zokuzanelisa (okungenani ama-95%). Ngokusho kukaNekrasov, iRussia inamathuba onke okujoyina abakhiqizi abathathu abaphambili bamazambane. Ngo-2020, ngokusho kwesibikezelo soMnyango Wezolimo, amathani ayisigidi esingu-7,55 azoqoqwa eRussia (amathani ayizigidi ezingama-7,565 ngonyaka odlule).
Eqinisweni, iRussia kudala yaba ngomunye wabaholi abathathu ekukhiqizeni amazambane, kusho u-Aleksey Krasilnikov, umqondisi omkhulu wePotato Union. Ngesikhathi sokubalwa kwabantu ababili kwezolimo (2006 no-2016), amathani ayizigidi eziyi-9 kwelokuqala kanye namathani ayizigidi eziyisishiyagalombili kowesibili "aphuma" ngenxa yeziza zasekhaya ezizimele. Ngakho-ke, izibalo zehle zisuka kumathani ayizigidi ezingama-8 zaya ku-35. Futhi i-Ukraine yayiphambili ngamathani ayizigidi ezingama-22,2 amazambane. Ibeka endaweni yesithathu ngokusemthethweni ngemuva kweChina (amathani ayizigidi ezingama-22,4-90) ne-India (amathani ayizigidi ezingama-105-45).
Ngokusho kochwepheshe, iRussia isenezikhundla ezibuthakathaka emazweni angaphandle. Kusukela ngo-2014, ukuthekelisa amazambane sekukhule ngokuphindwe kahlanu, ikakhulukazi ngenxa yeDonbass, lapho sihlinzeka khona ngonyaka amathani ayizinkulungwane eziyi-120. Ngasikhathi sinye, ngesizini edlule, sibhekene nesomiso e-Ukraine, amazambane ethu akahambanga nje kuphela eDonbass, kodwa nasengxenyeni emaphakathi yezwe. Ngakho-ke, kulethwe cishe amathani ayizinkulungwane ezingama-250 amazambane aseRussia, eya e-Ukraine naseBelarus. Kodwa-ke, ngesonto eledlule, ngemuva kwesivuno esihle kulo nyaka, iKhabhinethi lase-Ukraine licubungule udaba lokuvala ukungeniswa kwamazambane aseRussia. Ngakho-ke, lolu chungechunge lokuphakelwa lungancipha okungenani.
Ngokwesiko, i-Azerbaijan ithatha isikhundla sokuqala ngokuya kwamanye amazwe (cishe amathani ayizinkulungwane ezingama-50). Futhi inani lezimpahla liyanda. Basiphakela amazambane okuqala, sibahlinzeka ngezimbewu namatafula. Sandisa umthamo wezinto eziya e-Asia Ephakathi: inani elikhulu liya e-Uzbekistan, naseKyrgyzstan, eTurkmenistan kunezinhloso zokwandisa ukukhiqizwa kwamazambane abo, ngakho-ke, kuzoba nesicelo sokulethwa kwembewu yethu yamazambane. Ngaphezu kwalokho, ngemuva kwesomiso ezimbili eYurophu, amazambane ethu aya lapho ukuyolungiswa, ikakhulukazi amafriji, izimpahla zaya eSerbia naseMontenegro.
Kodwa u-Aleksey Krasilnikov ubheka umkhombandlela othembisa kakhulu ukunikezwa kwemikhiqizo enenani eliphakeme elengeziwe - ama-chips, ufulawa wamazambane nama-flakes. Ijografi yokuhlinzekwa lapha ingaba banzi kakhulu - kusuka eChina kuye eLatin America.
Izibalo zaseYurophu zithi lonke ithoni lesibili liyacutshungulwa, ngenkathi eBelgium, ngokwesibonelo, i-85%, kuchaza isazi. Namuhla (ngaphandle kwemindeni), umkhakha wezimpahla ukhiqiza amathani ayizigidi eziyi-7-7,5: amathani ayisigidi ayi-1 asasele imbewu yesizini ezayo, cishe amathani ayisigidi esingu-1,5 azohanjiswa kule nkathi. Futhi lokhu, akwanele, kusho uKrasilnikov.
“Uma kunohlelo oluhlukile lombuso lokuxhasa ukucutshungulwa emkhakheni wamazambane, kungakuhle. Ngoba namuhla izindleko zokutshala imali, ikakhulukazi imishini, yamaphrojekthi anjalo mikhulu impela. Kepha ibha kumele isethwe ukuze ikwazi ukuphinda kabili ukucubungula futhi ikulethe okungenani ezingeni laseYurophu, ”kusho uchwepheshe.