Isimo kanye nezinhlelo zabalimi beCentral Federal District, esifundeni iVolga naseningizimu yezwe zitholwe ngabahlanganisi be- "Index of Development of Russian Agricultural Producers" elandelayo. Phakathi kwabaphendulayo kukhona abamele izindawo zokubamba ezolimo kanye nabalimi, imali yabo engenayo enkulu evela ekukhiqizeni izilimo. IRossiyskaya Gazeta ixoxisane nochwepheshe ngalesi simo.
Ukuvuna kusuka ekushintshanisweni kwemali
Lolu bhubhane lube nomthelela omubi kwezamabhizinisi ngamaphesenti angama-57 emindeni ekwaxoxwa nayo. Futhi ngamaphesenti amabili kuphela athi lesi simo sasivuna bona. Bonke abanye besaba ukunganaki ngokuzayo.
Abamele amabhizinisi amakhulu phakathi kwezizathu ezibalulekile zokuphelelwa yithemba okubizwa ngokuthi yi-dollar kanye nokwenyuka kwamaphesenti angama-20 kwamanani entengo yezinto “ezidliwayo”.
“Sikhuphukile intengo yemikhiqizo yokuvikela izitshalo, umanyolo kanye nophethiloli kanye nezinto zokuthambisa. Yize eminyakeni emibili edlule idola entwasahlobo nalo lalibiza ama-ruble angama-68, kanti amakhemikhali ezolimo ayeshibhile ngamaphesenti angama-40. Yini eshintshile? Intengo kawoyela yehlile - uphethiloli ukhuphukile, ”kusho uKonstantin Zemlyanoy, iphini lomqondisi weKrasnogvardeisky ephethe ezolimo eStavropol.
Ithemba elilodwa lokuthekelisa okuphumelelayo. "Uma isilinganiso singama-ruble angama-70-72, khona-ke sizothola inzuzo," kusho uZemlyanoy. Ngenani elihlukile lemali, abalimi bezitshalo "bazokwehla" kokubili kwinzuzo nasenzuzo, kuqinisekisa uSergey Miryuk, umqondisi jikelele webhizinisi laseKursk "iGrainrus Agro". “Uma idola libiza ama-ruble angama-68 ngesikhathi somkhankaso wokuvuna,” echaza, “imali yethu izokwehla ngisho nakuma-ruble. Ukuthunyelwa kwezimpahla kwamanye amazwe kungahluleka: iningizimu yezwe ngeke ifune ukusebenza ngamanani anjalo. " Amapulazi amancane kuphela azophoqeleka ukuthi athengise okusanhlamvu ngamanani aphansi ukuze akhokhe imali ebolekiwe, wanezela uZemlyanoy.
Akuyona yonke into elahlekile
Futhi nokho, ngokusho kwenkomba, ngaphezu kwengxenye yabatshali bezitshalo basenethemba lokukhuphula iholo labo. Uma kungenjalo kule sizini, bese elandelayo elandelayo. Ukukhuphuka kunganikeza isivuno esikhulu kanye nezindleko eziphansi zokukhiqiza.
Ukukhula kwesivuno ngo-2020 kulindeleke ngamaphesenti angama-68 ababambe iqhaza ocwaningweni (cishe amaphesenti ayishumi ngaphezulu kwalawo ngo-10). Indima enkulu lapha, ngokubona kwabo, idlalwa yimikhiqizo yokuvikela izitshalo kanye nembewu yekhwalithi. Umzuzwana ngamunye waphawula umnikelo wokuphathwa nobuchwepheshe bezolimo obunembe.
Isimo sezindawo ezihlwanyelwe enkabeni naseningizimu sesishintshile. Kodwa lokhu akubangelwa yi-coronacallen, kepha ngesimo semakethe jikelele. Ngokusho komqondisi jikelele we-ICAR uDmitry Rylko, ekwindla lesi kucace bha ukuthi eningizimu, izilimo zikakolweni nebhali njengoba izitshalo ezinenzuzo kakhulu nezinzile zizokhuphuka.
“Ukutshalwa kwerekhodi kwezitshalo zasebusika kwenziwa endaweni emaphakathi. Futhi-ke bahlala emgqeni omkhulu ngokhula wasentwasahlobo. Lesi sithombe asijwayelekile: sekuyiminyaka engama-20 kube nokushintshela kwezilimo zasebusika, kugcizelela uRylko. "Vala ukurekhoda izinombolo zikajongilanga nokutshalwa kommbila." Esifundeni saseVoronezh, indawo engaphansi kwezitshalo ezinamandla okuthekelisa yanwetshwa: ubhontshisi, ummbila, ibhali.
Esifundeni Esikhulu Sombuso, ukukhiqizwa kukakolweni okusanhlamvu okwakuthuthukiswe ngesivinini esisheshayo: zazingekho izikhulisi ezenele namandla okomisa. Amapulazi awazibandakanyanga kakhulu kulokhu kulima. Manje kunezinto eziningi zokumiswa nokugcinwa kuzo, ukuze ummbila uzophinda uthole isikhundla sawo. Inenzuzo enhle, kunezimakethe ezintsha.
Phakathi kwezinkinga ezinkulu zalesi sikhathi sonyaka, abalimi babiza idola bese kuthi intwasahlobo ikhuphuke ngamaphesenti angama-20 entengo yembewu namakhemikhali ezolimo
Isimo esifanayo sinosoya. “Ngesinye isikhathi, kwakubhalwa amarekhodi eCentral Russia, bese kuba nokudumazeka. Isizathu silula: akukho ukuphinda kusetshenziswe kabusha. Manje sebakha izitshalo eziningana ezinjalo, ”kusho uRylko.
Ukuthekelisa kuthanda ukuqina
Ibhizinisi lezolimo kanye nezinsiza kusebenza kuyatshalwa. Ngakho-ke, isibambiso seKursk sethule isikhumulo saso sokuthumela ngaphandle ukuze sithumele izinqola eziningi ngangokunokwenzeka ngesikhathi esithandekayo, kusho uSergei Miryuk.
“Into esemqoka,” esho, “ukuthi asiphazanyiswa yizinyathelo ezivimbela ukuncintisana kwemvelo. Ngaphandle kwalokho, wonke umuntu uzozama ukuthekelisa okusanhlamvu ngasikhathi sinye endaweni yedola, enze imithwalo ephakeme yamandla wokushintshwa. Sizolahlekelwa umkhawulo nokuheha kwebhizinisi, kanye nedumela lethu njengabahlinzeki. " Uzakwabo wesekwa yiZemlyanoy, ngokubona ukuthi kudingeka umhlahlandlela ocacile wezinqolobane zamasu ezimakethe zasekhaya kanye nenkululeko yokuthengisa insalela.
"Yebo, ngo-2020 isinqumo sokunciphisa ukuthunyelwa kokusanhlamvu kube ngamathani ayizigidi eziyisikhombisa (kusukela ngo-Ephreli 1 kuya kuJuni 30) sasinesizathu esizwakalayo," kusho umqondisi jikelele we-IKAR. - Ukolweni wakhishelwa okusanhlamvu, abagayo eSiberia banezinkinga. Kodwa ukumemezela ngokuhlelekile inani elithunyelwa kwamanye amazwe engxenyeni ngayinye yesibili yonyaka kusho ukwehlisa ijubane utshalomali olufanelwe yimboni. "
Ngokwezinhlelo ze-agrarians zokutshalwa kwemali, kuyabonakala ukuthi abaningi abanasiqiniseko ngekusasa.
Ubhadane akuyona into esemqoka
Cishe izingxenye ezimbili kwezintathu zabaphenduli bahlose ukukhulisa utshalomali ebhizinisini. Kepha uma ngonyaka owedlule, amaphesenti angama-86 ayezobuyisa impahla ebekiwe (ukuthenga imishini, ukwakha izindawo zokugcina), manje isabelo sezinkampani ezinjengalesi sehle ngamaphesenti angama-20. Futhi isilinganiso salabo abandisa imali ekugcinweni kwemali esebenza (imbewu, umanyolo, ama-agrochemicals) sikhule.
Lokho wukuthi, ama-agrarians agxile emisebenzini "yesikhashana". "Izinkampani azinalo uhlelo lokuthuthukisa amasu, ukutshalwa kwezimali kuncike emiphumeleni yesizini futhi kwesinye isikhathi kwenziwa ngenkani, ngokwesibonelo, lapho kudingeka ukuthengiswa kabusha," kusho u-Anton Pushkarev, omele ngokusemthethweni iSyngenta.
"Ngenxa yalolu bhubhane, imakethe yezimboni zezolimo isesimweni sokungaqiniseki okuphezulu, futhi amapulazi amaningi akhetha amasu okuzinzisa," kuphawula uDmitry Rylko. - Ukwehla kwamandla eruble, ngakolunye uhlangothi, kuyazuzisa kubalimi. Ngakolunye uhlangothi, kwenza kube nzima ngabo ukufinyelela ubuchwepheshe obuthuthukile bomhlaba ”. Ngokusho komhlaziyi, imiphumela yobhubhane lwe-COVID-19 izozwakala isikhathi eside. Kodwa-ke, ukwahlulela ngezimpendulo zama-agrarians, akuyona inkinga enkulu kubo. Izinsongo ezibaluleke kakhulu zihlala zishintshashintsha emakethe yezimali nakwezesimo sezulu esingesihle. Kungakho-ke bekhulise izilimo zabo zikakolweni "ozinzile", ngethemba lokuthola izimo ezinhle zokuthumela ngaphandle.
Umbhalo nguTatyana Tkacheva