I-International Potato Center (CIP) isanda kujoyina ezinye izinhlangano ezingama-34 emhlabeni jikelele ezibe nomthelela wembewu engaphezu kuka-60 eSvalbard Global imbewu Repository, indawo ehlala izilwane zasendle esiqhingini sezintaba i-Arctic eNorway.
Lokhu kugcinwa kwembewu enkulu kwezilimo eziningi kusize ukukhulisa inani lamasampula agcinwe eSvalbard aya ngaphezu kwesigidi, kepha kwi-CIP Gene Bank, lokhu bekungukugcina okunjalo emzameni oqhubekayo wokuqongelela amaqoqo amazambane abo amakhulu. , amazambane amnandi, izimpande ze-Andean nezilimo eziyizigaxa nezihlobo zasendle zalezi izilimo.
"Le yinqubomgomo yomshwalense wesikhathi esizayo yesintu, eqinisekisa ukuthi le mbewu ikhona ndawana thile, uma kwenzeka kukhona okungahambi kahle, lapha nasemhlabeni," kusho uNoel Anglin, inhloko ye-genebank yeCIP nomholi wezinhlobonhlobo zezinto eziphilayo. uhlelo oluzayo. Uveze ukuthi eminyakeni edlule, iLima, ePeru, lapho kutholakala khona i-CIP genebank, yahlaselwa ukuzamazama komhlaba, ngenkathi izingxenye zedolobha zigcwala ngo-2017.
I-Svalbard Global Seed Vault inikeza isitoreji sokwenza isipele unomphela ku- -18 ° C wembewu evela ezinhlakeni zomhlaba. INordGen - inhlangano esebenza ngendawo yokugcina imbewu ngokubambisana neCrop Trust kanye noMnyango Wezolimo Nokudla waseNorway - isebenzisa uhlelo lwama-black box, okusho ukuthi abanikeli kuphela abangathinta noma baqoqe imbewu yabo. Ngenkathi amabhange ejwayelekile ahlanganyela njalo ngemali ayitholayo nezinye izinhlangano, indawo yokugcina imbewu yenzelwe ukugcina kuphela.
Amabhange aseGene abambe isampula ebanzi yokuhlukahluka kwezolimo emhlabeni, iningi lawo lisongelwa ngokuwohloka kwemvelo, isimo sezulu esibi kanye nemikhuba yabalimi emhlabeni jikelele ukusuka ezinhlotsheni zendabuko kuya kwezanamuhla.
Kodwa-ke, ezinye izinhlobo zasendulo kanye nezihlobo zazo zasendle zinezimpawu ezingasetjenziswa abafuyi bezokwakha izinhlobo ezizinzile ezizodingeka abalimi babhekane nesimo sezulu esizayo, okwenza amabhange ezakhiwane abaluleke kakhulu futhi abaluleke kakhulu.
Ukulondolozwa kwakamuva kwe-CIP yamasampula angama-236 embewu yamazambane amnandi nezihlobo zasendle zezilimo eziningana kwengezwe kumasampuli embewu ayi-9 206 i-CIP ayekade ayithumela eSvalbard. Kodwa-ke, iSvalbard enye nje yezindawo eziningana lapho i-CIP genebank ixhasa khona amaqoqo ayo.
Ibhange lomkhiqizo le-CIP liphethe izinhlobo ezingaphezu kwamakhulu amane namakhulu amane (4800) kwamazambane - kusuka kumazambane angajwayelekile aseMelika aboMdabu kuya ezinhlotsheni ezikhula emhlabeni wonke - kanye nezinhlobo zamazambane angaphezulu kuka-5500 XNUMX njengezithombo ze-in vitro. Kodwa-ke, indawo yaseSvalbard igcina imbewu kuphela, ngakho-ke i-CIP ingagcina kuphela ingxenye yamaqoqo ayo lapho, ikakhulukazi izihlobo zasendle zamazambane namazambane.
I-CIP igcina ukuqoqwa kwayo kwamazambane i-in vitro ne-Brazilian Agricultural Research Corporation (EMBRAPA) kanye neqoqo layo le-Vitro elimnandi lamazambane e-International Tropical Agriculture Center (CIAT), Colombia. I-CIP iyabuyekeza isipele ngokuqoqwa kweqoqo lamakhaza e-CIAT e-vitro. Zonke lezi zipele zingamabhokisi amnyama, njengamadiphozithi eSvalbard. Iningi lamaqoqo amazambane, amazambane amnandi nezilimo eziyizimpande ze-Andean kanye nezilimo eziyizigaxa ze-CIP nazo zigcinwa esiteshini sokucwaninga salesi sikhungo eHuancayo, e-Peruvian Andes.
I-CIP ibuye futhi yaxhasa amasampula amazambane angama-3277 isebenzisa i-cryopreservation, lapho izicubu zezitshalo zigcinwa ku-nitrogen ewuketshezi ku- -196 ° C. Cryopreservation kuyindlela engabizi yesikhathi eside yokulondolozwa kwezinto eziphilayo zamazambane, kepha iqoqo le-CIP cryopreservation igcinwa okwamanje ku-genebank yayo Lima. Ngakho-ke, i-Anglin ibheka izindlela zokuyisekela kwenye indawo.