Enye yezindlela ezibalulekile zokulungiselela ukutshala amazambane ukwelashwa kwezilimo eziyizigaxa ngezivikeli kanye nezikhuthazi zokukhula. Umsebenzi wokwamukela isitshalo ukuvikela isitshalo esivela ezintweni eziyingozi (izifo nezinambuzane) futhi sisize ukuthi siqale ukukhula futhi sithuthuke ngenkuthalo. Izinto eziyingozi kuma-tubers zibhekwana kalula nezibulala-zinambuzane - izibulala-magciwane zamakhemikhali, futhi izinqubo zokukhula zizosiza ukucupha izikhuthazi zokukhula ezisekelwe ezingxenyeni zemvelaphi yemvelo, ezinothiswe ngamaminerali.
Umphumela ovuselelayo emzimbeni wesitshalo usetshenziswa ngokuyinhloko yi-phytohormones yokukhula: i-auxin, i-cytokinin, i-gibberellin. Zonke zithinta ukukhula nokuhlukaniswa kwamaseli, izinqubo zokuguga nokuzivumelanisa nezimo, ukuthuthwa kwezinto, ukuphefumula, ukuhlanganiswa kwama-nucleic acid, amaprotheni, njll. Ngesikhathi esifanayo, iqembu ngalinye le-phytohormones linemisebenzi yalo ethize: i-auxin inesibopho sokuqala izinqubo zokukhula; i-cytokinin - yokuhlukaniswa kwamaseli, ukwanda komthamo wesistimu yezimpande, ukwakheka kwezimpande ze-nodal (yesibili); i-gibberellin iyadingeka ekuqhakazeni okuningi nokuvuthwa kwesitshalo.
Ithonya lama-auxins ekuthuthukisweni kwesistimu yezimpande:
- ukuqala kwezinqubo zokukhula;
- ukuvela kwama-tubercles ezimpande;
- ukukhula kwamaseli kanye nokwehlukana (ubuchwepheshe babo).
Ithonya lama-cytokinins ekuthuthukiseni uhlelo lwempande:
- ukuhlukaniswa kwamaseli, ukwanda kwevolumu yezimpande;
- isandiso sempilo yeseli;
- ukunqoba ukucindezeleka;
- ukwanda kokungena kwezakhamzimba;
- ukwanda kobude nobuningi bezinhlelo zezimpande eziyinhloko nezesibili.
Ukuqinisekisa ukuvikelwa okuphelele kwezitshalo isikhathi eside kuncike kakhulu ekukhethweni okufanele kwesivikeli, kodwa kubalulekile ngokufanayo ukusebenzisa isikhuthazimzimba esifanele. I-stimulant enokwakheka okunokulinganisela kwe-phytohormones, ama-amino acid kanye nezakhi zomzimba kusiza ukunciphisa ukudakwa kwezitshalo, kuqinisekisa ukuhluma okunobungane kwezilimo eziyizigaxa kanye nokwakheka kwesistimu yezimpande enamandla. Uhlelo lwezimpande oluthuthukisiwe luhlinzeka ngombuso wokudla okuthuthukisiwe kwesitshalo, okuvumela ukwakheka kwenani elikhulu leziqu, okuholela ekwandeni kwenani lama-stolons, okusho ukuthi lithinta ngqo inani kanye nenani. izinga lesivuno, futhi, ngokufanele, ukusebenza kahle kwezomnotho kwamazambane akhulayo .
I-Super-Agro ingumsabalalisi ochwepheshe kamanyolo, amakhemikhali ezolimo kanye nama-biostimulants. Beqhuba inqwaba yokuhlolwa kwelabhorethri nensimu ekuhloleni okuqhathanisayo kokusebenza komanyolo ohlukahlukene kanye nama-biostimulants kubuchwepheshe bokukhula kwezitshalo, ochwepheshe benkampani bakhetha amathuluzi angcono kakhulu we-agrochemical okulima ngokujulile nge-assortment yabo.
Ukwelashwa kwangaphambi kokutshala kwezilimo eziyizigaxa zamazambane, sincoma ukusebenzisa ingxube yezibulala-magciwane + Sprintalga (0,2 l/t) + Fulvumin (0,3 l/t) + Ikar Perfectstick (0,01 l/t). Lolu hlelo lulungele ukucutshungulwa kwezilimo eziyizigaxa ngokusebenzisa noma yimiphi imishini yokutshala, kuhlanganise nezakhiwo zokutshala ezichwepheshile ze-GRIMME.
I-Sprintalga (Biolchim, Italy) iyisikhuthazi sokwakheka kwezimpande ze-organo-mineral esisezingeni elisuselwa ekukhishweni okugxilwe kakhulu (72%) kwe-Macrocystis, i-Ascofillum nodosum ne-Sargassum yasolwandle. Ngenxa yefomula yayo ekhethekile, i-Sprintalga inikeza inani elikhulu lezinto eziphilayo ezisebenzayo (ama-betaine, i-alginic acid, izakhi zokulandelela kanye nama-hormone okukhula kwemvelo) nama-amino acid ashukumisa umzimba oyinhloko futhi akhulise ibhalansi ye-hormonal ezimpandeni ezincane. Ngenxa yalokho, i-Sprintalga ivuselela ukwakheka okusheshayo nokwelulwa kwezimpande.
• I-Phytohormones i-auxin ne-cytokinin inesibopho sezinqubo zokukhula (ukuhlukaniswa kwamaseli, ukukhula nokuhlukaniswa), ivuselela ukwakheka nokukhula kwezimpande, ithuthukise umzimba.
• I-polysaccharide alginic acid ithonya inqubo yokugcina umswakama ezimpandeni, okwenza ngcono ukukhula kohlelo lwempande.
• I-Betaine iyi-activator ebalulekile yezinqubo ze-metabolic. Ivuselela ukwakheka kwe-phospholipids yolwelwesi lwamangqamuzana, inamandla okwandisa ukungena kwawo emanzini, ithuthukise umsebenzi we-photosynthetic wezitshalo futhi ithuthukise ukumelana nokucindezeleka kwe-biotic kanye ne-abiotic.
• Ama-amino acid abandakanyeka ku-biosynthesis yamaprotheni esakhiwo, akhuthaza ukumuncwa okungcono kwezakhi, andise ukumelana nokucindezeleka kwezitshalo ekucindezelekeni kwe-abiotic, izifo zesikhunta futhi kuqinise ukuzivikela kwazo.
• Ama-Micro-, meso- kanye nama-macroelements (N, P, K, Mg, S, Fe, Zn, B) asesimweni semvelo sokumiswa kwe-algal asheshe afakwa, avuselele ukwakheka komzimba okuyisisekelo kwezitshalo, enze ngcono ukudla okusempandeni uhlelo.
Zonke izingxenye ze-stimulator yokwakheka kwezimpande i-Sprintalga zisesilinganisweni esilungiswe ngokuqinile futhi ziyaqinisana, ngenxa yokuthi umuthi usebenza ngempumelelo ngisho namazinga okushisa angekho ezingeni eliphezulu ekukhuleni kwesistimu yezimpande.
I-Fulvumin (Biolchim, Italy) iqukethe ekubunjweni kwayo ama-28,8% e-fulvic acid, kanye ne-complex ye-polysaccharides etholakala olwandle. Umsebenzi wokuphila we-fulvic acid njengama-antioxidant (ukuqedwa kokudakwa kwezitshalo ngemuva kokwelashwa kwezibulala-zinambuzane) kanye nezivuseleli zokukhula (ngenxa yokuba khona kwamaqembu asebenzayo afana nama-phytohormones) kufakazelwe. Ngaphezu kwalokho, i-fulvic acid iyingxenyana enamandla kakhulu yezinto ze-humic, ezinomphumela wokuqedwa kumakhemikhali amaminerali enhlabathini, iwaguqule abe ifomu elifinyeleleka ezitshalweni. Ama-Polysaccharides angumthombo wekhabhoni yesakhiwo, ehlanganiswa ngokushesha ku-metabolism yezithombo, okwandisa amandla azo okukhula nokumelana nezinto ezimbi.
I-Ikar Perfectstick (IKAR, Lithuania) ingumenzi wezibulala-zinambuzane kanye namakhemikhali ezolimo asekelwe ku-siloxane elungiswe nge-polyester. Lesi sidakamizwa sisebenza kahle kakhulu lapho sicubungula izinto zokutshala amazambane, sithuthukisa umphumela wezidakamizwa ozisebenzisayo (i-PPP, izivuseleli zokukhula, ama-microelement complexes), lokhu kwenzeka ngenxa yokungena ngokushesha komuthi osetshenziswa esitshalweni futhi kunomthelela ekwandiseni okubalulekile. ngesenzo sayo. Manje, ukuze uthuthukise umphumela, awudingi ukwandisa umthamo.
Ukwengezwa kwe-activator esixazululweni esisebenzayo kuthinta kakhulu izakhiwo zayo ezingokomzimba, kunciphisa amandla okucindezela angaphezulu. Ngenxa yokusetshenziswa kwe-Perfectstick ngesilinganiso esingu-10-12 ml ngamalitha ayi-100, isisombululo sichotshozwa emibhobho sibe amaconsi amancane lapho sifuthwa. Uma sebesendaweni ephathwayo, basakazeka ngokushesha phezu kwayo, banikeze ukumbozwa okugcwele. Ngenxa ye-fluidity kanye ne-lipophilicity yesixazululo, uketshezi oluningi lumuncwa ezigabeni noma eqabungeni le-mesophyll kakade imizuzu emithathu ngemuva kokwelashwa, luqala ukusebenza ngenkuthalo. Kuwo wonke ama-adjuvants esiwaziyo, i-Perfectstick mhlawumbe inezindawo zokungena eziqine kakhulu.
I-polyester, eyingxenye ye-activator ye-Perfectstick, ihlala phezu kweqabunga futhi, lapho isiqinile, yakha ifilimu elincane le-hydrophobic elivikela isixazululo esisele phezulu ukuthi singakhukhulwa yimvula, futhi amaqabunga esitshalo ukomisa nokuhluma kwezinhlamvu zesikhunta se-pathogenic.
Ukusetshenziswa kwe-Perfectstick ngethamo lika-10 ml ngethani lembewu akunikezeli nje kuphela ukumbozwa kwendawo efanayo, kodwa futhi nokungena ngokushesha kwesisombululo ekujuleni kwezicubu zembewu nezilimo eziyizigaxa, ukuze ukuphumelela kokusetshenziswa kwezingubo zokugqoka, izikhuthazo namakhemikhali. izinyathelo zokuvikela zikhuphukela ezingeni elisha. Ngasikhathi sinye, i-Perfectstick kumithamo enconyiwe ayinawo umphumela ocindezelayo ezitshalweni futhi isebenza njengomthombo we-silicon (Si), into ebalulekile yokulandelela ekhulisa amandla omshini wezindonga zamaseli futhi ithuthukise ukuvikelwa kwemvelo kwezitshalo ekushiseni ngokweqile. nemisebe ye-ultraviolet.
Ngenxa yezinga layo eliphansi lokufaka isicelo nokusebenza kahle okuphezulu, i-Icar Perfectstick iyisixazululo esifanelekile sokuthuthukisa ikhwalithi yokwelashwa kwezibulala-zinambuzane okuhleliwe kanye nezicelo ze-foliar.
Ngakho-ke, ukwelashwa kwezilimo eziyizigaxa ngaphambi kokutshala ngengxube ye-SPRINTALGA + FULVUMIN + IKAR Perfectstick kufanele kuqashelwe njengenye yezindlela eziphumelela kakhulu zokuvuselela inqubo yokwakheka kwezimpande, efaka isandla ekondleni okunomsoco kwesitshalo esiteji sentsha. ukukhula nentuthuko.
Le ndlela yezolimo inikeza:
- ukwandisa amandla okuhluma kwezilimo eziyizigaxa;
- ukuthola amahlumela kusenesikhathi futhi enobungane;
- ukukhula okusheshayo nokuthuthukiswa kwesistimu yezimpande enamandla;
- ukwakheka kwenani elikhulu leziqu;
- isilinganiso esihle phakathi kwesitshalo se-biomass esingaphansi komhlaba nangaphezulu;
- ukumuncwa okuthuthukisiwe kwamanzi nezakhamzimba ngohlelo lwempande;
- ukwandisa ukungatheleleki kanye nokumelana nezitshalo ezifweni kanye nemithwalo yokucindezeleka.
