U-Ekaterina Kudashkina, Ikhandidethi Yezesayensi Yezolimo
Ukufakwa kukasawoti emanzini nomhlabathi Lezi izinselele ezinkulu ekukhiqizeni izitshalo zesimanje. Ngokwezibikezelo ze-FAO, ngo-2050, ama-50% omhlaba wokulima emhlabeni wonke azobe ethintekile ngenxa yosawoti. Ukufakwa kukasawoti enhlabathini kuwukunqwabelana kwamanani amaningi kasawoti ancibilikayo enhlabathini, okuholela ekwehleni kokuzala. Empeleni, imayelana nokucekelwa phansi kwenhlabathi. Ukuhlushwa okuphezulu kukasawoti kunomphumela omubi ngokuyinhloko ohlelweni lwezimpande zezitshalo. Ngenxa yokuthi ingcindezi yangaphandle ye-osmotic yesisombululo senhlabathi iba ephakeme ngokuphathelene nokucindezela kwe-osmotic ngaphakathi kwezitshalo, ikhono lezitshalo lokudonsa amanzi nezakhi ezivela ngaphandle liyancipha, futhi ukuntula kwabo kwenzeka - ngisho nasemhlabathini oswakanyiswe kahle.
Emhlabathini we-saline, ukuhlushwa okuphezulu kwe-sodium cations kuvimbela ukunqwabelana kwamanye ama-cations, kuhlanganise nalawo adingekayo empilweni yezitshalo, njenge-calcium ne-potassium. Inani eliphakeme kakhulu lama-Na+ kanye/noma uCl- ivimbela i-photosynthesis. I-Chloride salinization ingenye yezinto eziyingozi kakhulu ezitshalweni.
Usawoti uthinta ukukhula nokuthuthukiswa kwezitshalo kuzo zonke izigaba, kusukela ekuhlumeni kuya ekuvuthweni, kodwa ikakhulukazi ezigabeni ezibucayi ze-ontogeny. Imiphumela yokuchayeka ingahluka: kusukela ekunciphiseni ubukhulu bezithombo kuya ekufeni okuphelele kwezitshalo.
Isixazululo. Usawoti ungabhekwana nawo ngezindlela ze-agrotechnical kanye nokuzalanisa. Ukukhethwa kwezitshalo zezolimo zokubekezelela usawoti kuyindlela ende futhi ebiza kakhulu, eyekusasa, ngoba inkinga yosawoti ngeke iphele ndawo eminyakeni ezayo. Indlela ye-agrotechnical ihlanganisa izinqubo zokubuyisela kabusha (isibonelo, ukusetshenziswa kwe-phosphogypsum kuyadingeka, kodwa esimweni sokukhuphuka kwezindleko zempahla kanye nophethiloli kanye nezinto zokugcoba, isinyathelo esibiza kakhulu) kanye nokuvundisa (ukusetshenziswa kwezingubo ezihlukahlukene zomhlabathi kanye umanyolo osiza ukunciphisa usawoti emanzini nomhlabathi, isibonelo: Ngivame ukuhlangana nokuzijwayeza ukwethulwa kwe-ammonium nitrate noma i-phosphoric acid nge-drip irrigation).
Kusukela kokuhlangenwe nakho ngamazambane: Indlela enhle yokubhekana nokufakwa kukasawoti emhlabathini ongaphezulu futhi uvimbele ukubhebhetheka kwesimo ezindaweni eziniselwe ukuvundisa ngokufaka umanyolo we-Agriful Plus. I-Agriful Plus iwumanyolo owuketshezi ukuze unciphise usawoti wenhlabathi kanye ne-biostimulant yezimpande esekelwe kuma-fulvic acid.
Sibone ngokucacile ukusebenza kwezidakamizwa kwelinye lamapulazi amakhulu esifundeni saseRostov.
I-Energia LLC iyibhizinisi elihamba phambili lesifunda. Itshala izitshalo eziningi, inokucubungula kwayo kanye nokufuywa kwezilwane. Ngisho nasezimweni ezomile zasempumalanga yesifunda saseRostov, ipulazi liphethe ukuhola mayelana nesivuno sikakolweni wasebusika.
Ngo-2020, amazambane angeziwe I-Agriful Plus (i-pH yokulungiselela - 4,7) ithonsi ngalinye ngesilinganiso samalitha ama-5 ngehektha ngalinye ngesikhathi sokukhula.
Ngemuva kokufaka isicelo sokuqala esigabeni sokuhluma ngesilinganiso esingu-2,5 l / ha (incibilikiswe emgqonyeni ngamalitha ayi-1000 wamanzi futhi isetshenziswe ngethonsi, isithombe 1), ukuchithwa kwenhlabathi usawoti kwenzeka. Ngenxa yalokho, amabala kasawoti ekuniseleni nge-drip anyamalala ezinsukwini ezi-3.
Umphumela wabonakala ngokushesha (isithombe 2). Ohlangothini lwesokunxele, amagquma ayehlanzeke ngokuphelele, futhi kwesokudla, amabala anosawoti ayengashintshi.
Ukufakwa kwesibili nokwesithathu kwe-Agriful Plus umhlabathi we-biofeed ngethonsi ngalinye kwaba ngu-1,25 l/ha ngesikhathi sokuhluma - ukuqhakaza nangemuva kokuqhakaza, ngokulandelana (isithombe 3).
Ukubuyekezwa kwevidiyo komlimi we-agronomist-vegetable kuyatholakala esiteshini sethu se-YouTube "Agroliga".
Yiziphi izinzuzo zokuncintisana ze-Agriful Plus? Umuthi ungu-100% wemvelaphi yemifino, ungumkhiqizo we-organic ngokuphelele.
Lena i-fulvic acid ecebile kakhulu (25%) ye-biofeed kulayini wethu womanyolo.
Ama-Fulvic acid ukwandisa umsebenzi we-microflora yezinto eziphilayo futhi uthuthukise uhlelo lwezimpande. Zincibilika kalula kumswakama wenhlabathi futhi ziyakwazi ukwakha nge-mono- kanye ne-divalent cations (isibonelo, nge-K+, Na+, NH4+, Shift2+, uMg2+) usawoti oncibilikayo emanzini, onciphisa usawoti omhlabathi, futhi izitshalo zimunca kangcono imisoco. Nokho, endaweni ene-alkaline kakhulu (pH>10), amanye ama-acids e-fulvic angenwa yi-calcium ne-barium ion. Ngama-cations amancane (Fe3+ kanye no-Al3+) ama-fulvic acid angancipha noma akhe izinhlanganisela eziyinkimbinkimbi ezincibilika emanzini, kodwa angikaze ngiyibone inhlabathi enjalo noma i-pH yamanzi ekusebenzeni. I-pH yamanzi ephakeme kakhulu yabonwa esifundeni saseRostov - 8,5.
I-Agriful Plus ihlanganisa ama-betain. Basiza ukulawula ingcindezi ye-osmotic futhi bathuthukise ukutholakala kwezakhi. Ngaphezu kwalokho, ama-betain athuthukisa amandla esistimu yezimpande ukumunca amanzi, akhuphule ukumelana nezitshalo emazingeni okushisa aphezulu kakhulu naphansi, futhi ashukumise ukwakheka kwe-chlorophyll.
Ama-Polysaccharides ziwumthombo wamandla, futhi zandise izinga lokungena kwemisoco kanye namanzi kumaseli ezitshalo futhi zithuthukise izinga lezilimo eziyizigaxa nezimpande.
Ndawonye, ama-polysaccharides, inkimbinkimbi yamavithamini nokwanda kokuqukethwe kwezinto eziphilayo (45%). I-Agriful Plus ukuvuselela ukuthuthukiswa kwe-microflora yenhlabathi futhi ubuyisele ukuzala. Ngokubona, inhlabathi yaxega.
Imithamo enconyiwe ye-Agriful Plus yenkathi yokukhula ingu-5-10 l/ha, okuyinto eyongayo futhi ephumelelayo. Ukuvundiswa kusetshenziswa i-Agriful Plus kuhlanganiswe nohlelo lokudla kwamaqabunga kumazambane kwenza kwaba nokwenzeka ukonga u-4,7 t/ha uma kuqhathaniswa nenketho yezomnotho. Isivuno samazambane e-BP-808 endaweni yokuhlola sasingu-42,5 t/ha, kanti inzuzo yonke yayingama-ruble angu-42/ha (ngaphandle kokutshalwa kwezimali).
I-Agriful Plus ingafakwa ngaphansi kokunisela okungaphezulu: sibe nolwazi lokuyigcoba ngemithamo engu-2,5 l/ha enezimbobo zamaconsi amakhulu, nezinga lokugeleza koketshezi olusebenzayo elingu-300 l/ha, ngemva kwalokho kuvulwe umshini wokuchelela. . Ngakho, kwadlula usuku imoto yaze yafika ekugcineni kombuthano, futhi kwakungekho ukusha.
Ukufingqa, ngithanda ukuphinda ngidonse ukunaka komfundi emaphuzwini amabili abalulekile.
- Amalungiselelo e-Agritecno, kuhlanganise ne-Agriful Plus, anezitifiketi zamazwe ngamazwe i-Ecocert, i-OMRI, eqinisekisa ukuthi kungenzeka ukusebenzisa le mikhiqizo ezolimo ezingayingeni imvelo.
- Ukufakwa kwe-Agriful Plus nge-drip irrigation akuthathi indawo yokulungiswa kabusha komhlabathi. Lena indlela enhle yokugcina usawoti wenhlabathi ungabi kakhulu ngesikhathi sokukhula. Izinkinga zokufakwa kukasawoti enhlabathini zidinga umsebenzi ohleliwe, odidiyelwe futhi ohlelekile.
Kulesi sihloko, sizame ukuchaza indlela yokusebenza yesidakamizwa i-Agriful Plus, ngoba unolwazi olusekelwe ngokwesayensi kuphela nemiphumela eqinisekisiwe, ungenza ukukhetha okufanele ngokuvuna imikhiqizo ethile.
Sizwakalisa ukubonga kwethu kubasebenzi bepulazi abamelelwe inhloko u-Vladimir Vasilievich Bukhtiyarov ngendlela entsha yobuchwepheshe bezolimo kanye nokusebenzisana okusebenzayo.
Izindatshana ezengeziwe mayelana nolwazi lokusebenzisa amalungiselelo e-Agritecno zingatholakala kuwebhusayithi www.agroliga.ru esigabeni Semidiya.