Ama-leek angenye yezinhlobo ezibaluleke kakhulu zika-anyanisi, ahlukaniswa ukunambitheka kwawo okuncane, okuqukethwe okuphezulu kwamavithamini namaminerali, kanye nokumelana okubandayo. Leli siko lisabalele eNtshonalanga Yurophu, kepha eRussia lisendaweni engenamsebenzi kumthamo ophelele wokukhiqizwa kwemifino, yize ukuthandwa kwalo kukhule ngokuphawulekayo eminyakeni yamuva.
Isikhathi eside, amalikhi eza ezitolo zaseRussia ikakhulukazi ezivela phesheya. Inani eliphakeme lokungeniswa kwempahla (ikakhulukazi elivela eNetherlands) laphawulwa ngonyaka we-2013, ngenkathi kuthunyelwa amathani ayizinkulungwane eziyi-6,8 ezweni. Ngemuva kokwethulwa komkhawulo wokudla waseRussia ngo-2014, ukungeniswa kwemikhiqizo yemifino evela eYurophu kumisiwe, izimpahla zenziwa kuphela eRepublic of Belarus. Ekupheleni konyaka we-2020, ukungeniswa kwamalikhi kwamanye amazwe kufinyelela kumathani ayizinkulungwane ezimbili kuphela. Ngakho-ke, eminyakeni eyisikhombisa edlule, umthamo wokungeniswa kwalesi sitshalo wehle ngaphezu kokuphindwe kathathu.
Noma kunjalo, namuhla, lapho isidingo sokudla okunempilo sikhula ngokushesha, ukusetshenziswa kwamalikhi kunamathuba onke okubuyela ezingeni lika-2013, kanti amapulazi aseRussia asenethuba lokuthola indawo engenalutho emakethe.
Izici zokukhula
Ama-leek angakhiqizwa unyaka wonke. Kunconywa izinhlobo ezahlukahlukene nezindlela zokutshala esikhathini ngasinye sokukhula.
Inhlabathi
Inhlabathi ekahle yamalikhi ingumhlabathi onesihlabathi nobumba olulula, nokuqukethwe yi-humus okungu-5-8%.
I-pH yenhlabathi kufanele ibe ngaphezu kuka-5,8, kuthi emhlabathini wobumba, okungenani ibe ngu-6,8.
Ukukhiqiza imikhiqizo enempilo, kufanele kubhekwe ukushintshaniswa kwezitshalo ezinezinkambu ezine.
Abanduleli abanesistimu yezimpande ethuthukile, enamandla bayathandwa.
Imbewu kanye nezithombo
Ama-leek angatshalwa njengokuhlwanyela ngqo noma izithombo.
Isikimu sokutshala esifanelekile: imigqa emibili, ibanga phakathi kwezitshalo zilandelana - 10-15 cm, ibanga phakathi kwemigqa - 20-25 cm.Isilinganiso sokutshala: izitshalo eziyi-100-000 ngehektha elilodwa.
Ukutshala izithombo kwenziwa ngokusebenzisa umshini wokutshala noma i-multilink digger. Lesi sakamuva senza izimbobo ezijulile eziqondile eziyi-16-18 cm lapho kufakwa khona izithombo.
Ukuthola isiqu esimhlophe eside, kungatshalwa emiseleni engajulile kungenziwa, futhi kamuva kungenziwa ama-hilling emaphethelweni.
Ngaphambi kokutshala emhlabathini ovulekile, amaqabunga ezithombo adinga ukunqunywa kancane, lokhu kufaka isandla ekuguquleni okusheshayo kwamalikhi amancane endaweni entsha, ukuqothula okungcono nokuthuthuka kwesiqu. Ukusikwa kweqabunga ngalinye kufanele kuhambisane nomuthi wokubulala ukhunta ukuvikela izifo.
Cishe zonke izitshalo emva kokutshala zingaphansi kwenhlabathi. Lapho utshala izitshalo ngomshini, imigodi ihlala ivulekile. Ukunisela nge-Sprinkler kwenziwa ngokushesha ngemuva kokutshala. Ukunisela kunikela ekuxazululeni imigodi nokuqothula okuqinile kwezithombo. Ngokutshala ngale ndlela, ungafinyelela isiqu eside esine-bleached.
ukunakekelwa
Ukunakekelwa okuhlelekile kufaka isethi ejwayelekile yemisebenzi: ukuchelela, ukwelashwa kwezifo nezinambuzane, ukukhulelwa kanye ne-hilling.
Ukuphakama kwamasonto onke kwenza kube nokwenzeka ukuthola imikhiqizo eneziqu ezinyene neziphezulu. IHilling yenziwa kahle emva kokuchelela, kusihlwa.
Ama-leek avunwa ngesandla noma ngomshini. Isikhathi esivuna kahle sokuvuna okukodwa kungamasonto amabili kuya kwamathathu, khona-ke umkhiqizo ulahlekelwa ikhwalithi.
Ngesikhathi sokuvuna, ummese womvuni usika izimpande eziphansi kakhulu zezitshalo, u-anyanisi uyamba bese uyiswa endaweni. Ngokulandelayo, umshini okhethekile usika izimpande namaqabunga aphezulu.
Ubude besiqu esinombala onsundu buxhomeke ekufunweni kwemakethe (imfuneko ejwayelekile: ingxenye emhlophe yesiqu kufanele okungenani ibe ngu-14 cm).
Izikhombisi-ndlela zokukhetha "Bejo"
Ama-leek angenye yezitshalo ezibaluleke kakhulu enkampanini yakwaBejo. Imizamo yabalimi benkampani ihlose ukuthola izinhlobo:
- Ngezici ezinhle zangaphandle (lezi izitshalo ezinamaqabunga ahlelwe mpo, zihlangene, zimelana nokuqhekeka, ezibonakala ngombala weqabunga omnyama, ukumelana nezimbali).
- Ngezimfanelo ezithuthukisiwe zezentengiselwano (ubude obwandile nobubanzi besikhondo esithengiswayo, asikho isibani, ukukhanya okucwebezelayo kwengxenye emhlophe yesiqu).
- Ukumelana nezinambuzane (i-thrips, i-anyanisi fly, umvukuzi, ama-aphid, izibungu zesicabucabu) nezifo (ukugqwala, i-Alternaria, i-phytophthora, i-Fusarium, i-pink root rot, izifo ezibangelwa amagciwane).
Izinhlobo ezethembisayo kanye nenzalo
UColumbus. Isikhathi sokukhula sinezinsuku ezingama-85 kusukela ukwehla kwezithombo. Ukukhula ngokushesha, kokukhiqizwa kokuqala. Amaqabunga aluhlaza, isiqu esinengxenye ende enegazi. Isetshenziselwa ukuqaphela okusha nokucubungula.
I-Lancelot. Isikhathi sokukhula siyizinsuku ezingama-92 kusukela ukwehla kwezithombo. Izinhlobonhlobo ezinokwethenjelwa ezinamaqabunga aluhlaza okotshani. Isiqu esimnyama, ukuhleleka kwamaqabunga mpo. Kunconyelwe ukusetshenziswa okusha, ukucubungulwa nokugcinwa kuze kube izinyanga ezimbili.
I-Forrest. Isikhathi sokukhula siyizinsuku eziyi-150 kusukela ukwehla kwezithombo. Amathuba wokuvuna ekuqaleni kwentwasahlobo ezifundeni ezinesimo sezulu esipholile. Ukutshala ebusika kuvunyelwe. Isiqu siwugqinsi futhi side. Amaqabunga aluhlaza okotshani ngokuqhakaza okunamandla. Ukucubungula nokugcina isikhathi eside.
Ijuma F1. Isikhathi sokukhula sinezinsuku ezingama-84 kusukela ukwehla kwezithombo. Ekukhiqizweni kokuqala, kungenzeka ukuthi ukhule ngaphansi kokumboziwe. Amaqabunga aluhlaza okotshani. Isiqu eside kakhulu. Ifanele ukusetshenziswa kabusha. Kulula ukuhlanza.
Izinhlamvu ezintsha ezilindelekile emakethe
Irally F1. Isikhathi sokukhula sinezinsuku ezingama-95 kusukela ukwehla kwezithombo. Amathuba wokuvuna ekuqaleni kwentwasahlobo ezifundeni ezinesimo sezulu esipholile. Ukumelana okuphezulu nokuqhakaza. Ukuhlanza okulula. Kukhiqiza kakhulu. Ukumboza okuqinile okusiza ukuvikela kuma-thrips.
Fenser F1. Isikhathi sokukhula siyizinsuku eziyi-110 kusukela ukwehla kwezithombo. Kunconywe ukukhula ehlobo nasekwindla, kodwa nasebusika. Isiqu siwugqinsi futhi side. Amaqabunga aluhlaza okotshani ngokuqhakaza okunamandla. Ifanele isitoreji sesikhathi eside.
IVolker F1. Isikhathi sokukhula siyizinsuku eziyi-115 kusukela ukwehla kwezithombo. Ikhulile ngokusikwa nokucutshungulwa. Uhlobo lwesiBulgaria. Ifanele ukukhiqizwa kwemishayo. Ukuhoxa okuphezulu ngokuzwakala okuphezulu. Ihluka ngokufana okuphezulu.
Ikhono lokunikeza imifino emisha emakethe unyaka wonke ezimeni zanamuhla kuyinzuzo ebalulekile yokuncintisana emkhakheni wezolimo. Enye yezindlela zangempela zokwenza lokhu ukukhulisa izitshalo zasebusika. Futhi lesi futhi yisizathu esihle sokunaka ngokukhethekile amalikhi.
Inkampani yakwaBejo, kanye namabhizinisi amaningi ezolimo atholakala eningizimu yeRussia, sekuphele iminyaka emibili benza ucwaningo lokukhula kwamalikhi ebusika.
Ochwepheshe bacwaninga ukuthi bangazikhetha kanjani izinhlobo ezifanele kakhulu, ukuthola izinsuku ezifanele zokutshala ebusika. Okuhlangenwe nakho kokukhiqiza kusatholakala kuphela, kepha kukho konke inqubo iqhubeka ngempumelelo enkulu. Sizohlala sikujabulela ukuhlanganyela nawe izimfihlo zomkhiqizo othembisayo.
Okuningi ngemikhiqizo yeBejo:
Bejo Russia
Isifunda saseMoscow
Ucingo: +7 495 392 77 77
imeyili: info@bejo.ru
Isifunda saseRostov
Ucingo: +7 863 200 03 33
imeyili: rostov@bejo.ru