Indawo itholakala E-East European Plain, ngaphakathi kweVolga Upland.
Indawo 43, 3 ayizinkulungwane sq. km. Insimu yesifunda ukusuka entshonalanga kuya empumalanga ingama-330 km, ukusuka enyakatho kuye eningizimu - 204 km.
Isifunda sitholakala ekuhlanganeni kwezindawo ezintathu zemvelo: chernozem maphakathi, non-chernozem ne-Volga eyomile.
Usayizi wabantu Isifunda ngokusho kukaRosstat singabantu abayi-1, okungu-360% wabo abahlali basemakhaya.
Isimo sezulu Izwekazi elilinganiselwe, elinamazinga okushisa ashisayo (isilinganiso sokushisa sikaJulayi + 19 ... 21 ° С) nobusika obubandayo (-11 ° ... 13 ° С). Imvula iyinto engazinzile kakhulu yesimo sezulu: inani lonyaka esifundeni liyashintshashintsha phakathi kuka-450-500 mm, ngeminyaka eyomile yehlela ku-350 mm, kuthi eminyakeni emanzi inyuke iye kuma-775 mm. Ukoma kwentwasahlobo kuyisici, izikhathi ezomile zivame ukuphindaphindwa ehlobo.
Izimo zemvelo nezesimo sezulu kanye namandla ezolimo Isifunda sePenza sikuvumela ukuba uthole isivuno esihle samazambane.
Ekuqaleni kwalo nyaka, umbusi wesifunda wabeka umsebenzi obucayi kwabezolimo esifundeni - ukukhulisa ukukhiqizwa kwamazambane athengiswayo.
Izikolo eziphakeme
Eminyakeni emihlanu edlule, indawo etshalwe amazambane ezinhlanganweni zezolimo kanye namapulazi abalimi esifundeni sasePenza ikhule kakhulu: kusuka kumahektha ayizinkulungwane ezingama-2,7 ngo-2009 kuya kumahektha ayizinkulungwane ezingama-5,0 ngonyaka we-2013. Ngo-2014, amazambane athatha amahektha ayizinkulungwane eziyi-5,8 emkhakheni ohleliwe; esewonke, abakhiqizi bezolimo bazo zonke izinhlobo zobunikazi kuzofanele basuse amazambane endaweni engamahektha ayizinkulungwane ezingama-39,7.
Isivuno esikhulu samazambane ngo-2014 ezinhlanganweni zezolimo nasemapulazini abalimi esifundeni sasePenza kuhlelwe ezingeni lamathani ayizinkulungwane ezingama-80. Lezi yizinhlelo ezibucayi zabalimi besifunda. Ngakho-ke, ngo-2009, isivuno esikhulu samazambane emkhakheni wezohwebo saba ngamathani ayizinkulungwane ezingama-37,3, ngo-2013 - amathani ayizinkulungwane ezingama-45,8.
Ngesikhathi sokulungiswa kwezinto (ngo-Agasti 27), amabhizinisi ezolimo azo zonke izinhlobo zobunikazi avunwa endaweni engamahektare angama-24,62, amathani ayizinkulungwane ezingama-325,67 ayeqoqiwe, isivuno esimaphakathi sasingu-132 kg / ha.
Emapulazini ahlelekile, amazambane abvunwe endaweni engamahektha angama-367, amathani ezinkulungwane angama-4,92 amazambane avuniwe, isivuno esivamile singama-131 kg / ha. Ukuvunwa kwamazambane kwenziwa ngesivinini esihle esifundeni saseShemysheysky, iLopatinsky, Vadinsky nePenza esifundeni sePenza.
Izinhlelo Zokuxhasa Izifunda
Ukuqalisa izinhlelo zokufuna ukuvelela nokuthola imiphumela encomekayo ekukhiqizeni amazambane - yilokho kanye izinyathelo zokwesekwa nguhulumeni ngoMnyango Wezolimo wesifunda okuhloswe ngakho.
Kulo nyaka, ngokweseka ukukhiqizwa kwamazambane nemifino, abakhiqizi bezolimo besiFunda sasePenza bahlinzeka ngokusekelwa okungahambisani emkhakheni wezokukhiqiza izitshalo ngenani lama-ruble ayi-6 200 ngehektha elilodwa lendawo ehlwanyelwe, i-1% lesilinganiso sokuvuselela kabusha isikhathi esifushane (kuze kube unyaka 100) nesikhathi eside (kusuka ku-1 kuze kube yiminyaka eyi-2 futhi kusuka eminyakeni emi-8 kuye kweli-2) ukubolekwa kwemali nokubolekwa.
Izimali ezingena ku-ruble eziyizigidi eziyi-1,5 zithunyelwe ngokuncintisana ukuze kusungulwe amapulazi abampofu abasebenza ngokukhiqiza, ukugcina, ukufaka nokupakisha kwamazambane nemifino njengengxenye yohlelo lomnyango oluhlosiwe oluthi “Ukuxhaswa Kwabalimi abaqala esikhathini sika-2012 ukuya ku -2014.
Kulonyaka, imali eyisibonelelo sika-ruble esingu-1,5 wezigidi yokwakhiwa kwamazambane nokukhula kwemifino izothola ababambiqhaza abayisishiyagalolunye kwimicimbi yohlelo. Njengamanje, uMnyango Wezolimo esifundeni umemezele isigaba sesibili salo mncintiswano wokwamukela izicelo zokuzibandakanya kulolu hlelo lokuhlwaya umnyango.
Ngaphezu kwalokho, kulo nyaka, abakhiqizi bezolimo baxhasa ingxenye yezindleko zokuthenga imbewu yezambane lamazambane elite ngenani lama-ruble angama-500 ngethani lembewu. Ingxenye yezindleko zokwakha izikhungo zokuhlinzekelwa kwezimali inikwa uxhaso njengengxenye yohlelo lwesifunda olubalulekile kwezomnotho
"Ukwakhiwa kwezikhungo zokuhlinzekwa kwempahla kuhloswe ngazo ukuqinisekisa ukuthuthukiswa okuqhubekayo kwamazambane, imifino, izithelo neminye imikhiqizo yezolimo esifundeni sePenza ngonyaka ka-2014 kuya ku-2016."
Lolu hlelo luhlinzekela ukubuyiselwa kwemali engama-30% yezindleko zokwakha (ukwakha kabusha, ukwenza izinto zesimanjemanje), ukuthengwa kwemishini nemishini yokuhlunga nokubeka isitoreji, imishini yokusebenza kanye nemigqa yokucubungula okuyingxenye, ukufakwa, ukugcinwa, imishini yokuqandeka, uhlelo lokungena umoya nokulawula isimo sezulu.
Njengamanje, kwenziwa umsebenzi omkhulu esifundeni sasePenza esifundeni saseBelinsky ukwakha isikhungo sokukhiqiza, ukugcina nokuthengisa amazambane nguBashmakovsky Bread CJSC. Isigaba ngasinye sesikhungo sokulungiselela izinto eziyinkimbinkimbi siyinkimbinkimbi yokugcina nokulungiselela kwangaphambili ukuthengiswa kwamazambane nemifino enethani lamathani ayizinkulungwane eziyi-15, okuhlanganisa izinhlobo eziyisithupha zama-arched-hlobo amathani ayizinkulungwane ezingama-2,5 umuntu ngamunye nesakhiwo segalari esizixhumanisa, lapho kuzoba khona imigqa yokuhlela nokupakisha.
SEED FUND
Isikhungo Sokulima Kwe-Penza, esedolobhaneni laseLunino, sisiza ukuhlinzeka ngamazambane embewu esifundeni. Isikhungo sisebenze ngempumelelo iminyaka engaphezu kwe-100. Abasebenzi bePenz-NIIISH banikeza abathengi imbewu enempilo yezinhlobo ezingama-21 zamazambane.
Kulolu hlu kunezinhlobo zokuqala (Zhukovsky ekuqaleni, Zhigulevsky, Darenka, Vineta, Penza precocity, Duckling, Luck, Bullfinch); maphakathi ekuseni (Svitanok Kiev, Ramsay, souvenir waseRussia, Tale); maphakathi nesizini (Roco); maphakathi sekwephuzile (uLorch).
Phezu kwezinhlobo ezihluliwe ezihlanganisiwe, uSante, Valiza, Golubizna, Robin, Master, Petersburg, Nikulinsky, umkhwekazi, uBatya, uBryansk delicacy nazo zitholakala. Zonke izinhlobo zibonakaliswa ukukhiqiza okuphezulu, ukumelana nezifo, isethulo esihle kakhulu.
UKUFANELEKA KAKHULU
Ekhuluma ngokuthengiswa kwamazambane, kubalulekile ukuthi uqaphele ukuthi lolu daba olubalulekile lunqunywe nguMnyango Wezolimo wendawo. Imihlangano yokusebenza ihlala ibanjwa nabakhiqizi bezolimo kanye nabamele amaketanga wezitolo. Kuze kube manje, umphumela usuvele ukhona: amazambane endawo asefikile ezitolo zamaketanga. Lesi yisinyathelo esikhulu sabakhiqizi bezimpahla kanye nomphumela omuhle wohlelo oluhlanganisiwe oluhleliwe lukaHulumeni weSifunda sasePenza.
Manje kunesivumelwano ekulethweni kwenqwaba yamazambane kwezinye zezitolo zamaketanga wePenza nabathengisi bendawo. Kulesi sifunda, ukusebenzisana kwamabhizinisi wokuhweba wawo wonke amafomethi nabakhiqizi bePenza kuyakhula minyaka yonke. Ngaphezu kwalokho, uMnyango Wezolimo usebenzisana nodaba lokwakha "izinkundla zabalimi 'ekuxhumaneni kwezohwebo, ezizokhiqiza imikhiqizo enobungane bemvelo yabakhiqizi bendawo ngamanani akhokhelekayo," ukusuka esivandeni kuye kwekhawunta ".
Ukuthengiswa kwamazambane wesitshalo esisha esitshaliwe esifundeni sasePenza kuqale kumanethiwekhi e-Trade Union “Isitolo Sami Sifunda”. Lapha, banelisekile ngekhwalithi yamazambane futhi babheke phambili ekubambisaneni okuhle ngokuthe xaxa. Ngokuthengisa, amazambane athengiswa ngentengo yama-ruble ayi-12. 90 kopecks nge-1 kg.
Singasho ngokuphephile ukuthi isifunda sasePenza siyakwazi ukuhlinzeka inani labantu bakulesi sifunda ngamazambane asezingeni eliphakeme. Ngaphezu kwalokho, kunamathuba wangempela wokuhlinzeka ngezilimo ezengeziwe kulo lonke elaseRussia.
Namuhla, uma kubhekwa izimo zemakethe ezepolitiki nezomnotho ezikhona, singasho ukuthi izindlela ezikhethekile zezomnotho ezethulwe ukuqinisekisa ukuphepha kombuso kuhloswe ngazo ukuvikela izintshisekelo zezwe, kubandakanya nezintshisakalo zokudla.
Imiyalo eyethuliwe, mhlawumbe, izothinta abakhiqizi bezolimo ngasohlangothini oluhle.
Eminyakeni embalwa edlule, isakhi sethu sezolimo-ezolimo sikhombise ukukhula okuphezulu ekwakhiweni kwemikhiqizo yokudla yezolimo, kuvula amathuba amasha abakhiqizi bezolimo basekhaya, ikakhulukazi iPenza.
Imakethe yokudla izogcwala imikhiqizo emisha esezingeni eliphezulu yokudla, okufana nokwakheka kokusetshenziswa, kukhombisa izakhamizi zethu ukwedlula ezangaphandle.
Lokhu kulungiselelwe ngokusebenza kwabezindaba eMnyangweni Wezolimo wesiFunda sasePenza