Territory: 60 sq. km
Abantu: Abantu abayizinkulungwane ezingama-643,3, okungu-72,2% wabo abahlala emadolobheni
Isikhundla sendawo: eningizimu kunqamula esifundeni sase-Ivanovo, entshonalanga - esifundeni saseYaroslavl, enyakatho-ntshonalanga nasenyakatho - esifundeni saseVologda, enyakatho-mpumalanga nasempumalanga - esifundeni saseKirov, eningizimu-mpumalanga - esifundeni saseNizhny Novgorod.
Isimo sezulu: Izwekazi elipholile, elinamazinga afudumele afudumele nobusika obubandayo beqhwa. Izinga lokushisa elijwayelekile ngoJanuwari ngu -12 ° C, ngoJulayi + 18 ° C. Ukuzikisa: 550-600 mm ngonyaka (esiphezulu - ehlobo). Isikhathi sokukhula siyizinsuku eziyi-110-140.
Ukukhulula: Isifunda sitholakala enkabeni ye-East European Plain. Ngasentshonalanga, ukusuka enyakatho kuya eningizimu welula iGalich-Chukhloma Upland. AmaSpurs amaNorth Gorges angena engxenyeni esenyakatho-mpumalanga, asebenza njengamanzi ezigodini zomfula iVolga naseNyakatho Dvina. Izindawo eziphakemeyo eziphakemeyo zivelele esifundeni: iKostroma, Unzhenskaya neVetluzhskaya.
Inhlabathi: Ukwakheka kweSodoma-podzolic, okukhanya okuphakathi nendawo okuphakathi, okubonakala ngokuzala okungokwemvelo okuphansi: Ama-68,4% omhlaba olimekayo ubonakala ngokuqukethwe okuphansi kakhulu futhi okuphansi. Okuqukethwe kwesisindo se-humus okunesisindo yi-1,9% (idatha evela embhalweni wohlelo loMbuso lwesifunda saseKostroma "Ukuthuthukiswa kwezolimo nokulawulwa kwemikhiqizo yezolimo, izinto zokusetshenziswa ezingavuthiwe nezimakethe zokudla esifundeni saseKostroma", 2018). Izindawo ezinkulu zomhlaba zinamanzi, zibhukuda, zigcwele amatshe. Eminye inhlabathi ine-acidity ephezulu futhi idinga ukukhawulwa.
Ngokusho kukaRosreestr, kusukela ngoJanuwari 1, 2019, indawo yomhlaba wezolimo ingamahektha ayizinkulungwane eziyi-1964,5, umhlaba wawo wezolimo - amahektha ayizinkulungwane ezingama-859,8 (43,8%), umhlaba olimekayo - amahektha ayizinkulungwane ezingama-597,9.
Isakhiwo sezimboni zezolimo esifundeni saseKostroma ngomunye wemikhakha ebaluleke kakhulu emnothweni wesifunda. Ezolimo esifundeni zigxile ekukhiqizeni izitshalo nasekuzaliseni izinkomo zobisi nezenyama. Isabelo semfuyo ekuphumeni okuphelele kwemboni ingama-56%, isabelo somkhiqizo wezitshalo singama-44%.
Amazambane ayisiko lendabuko esifundeni, yize kungenjalo okusabalele kakhulu. Yize kunjalo, ngokusho kukaKostromastat, ukwanela kwesifunda ngamazambane ngo-2019 kwakungu-97%.
Kuyaqapheleka ukuthi umthamo oyinhloko wamazambane (cishe ama-87%) ukhule emapulazini omuntu wabantu. Kepha kusukela ngonyaka ka-2014, kube nokukhula okuqhubekayo endaweni engaphansi kwamazambane emkhakheni wezimboni.
Intshisekelo yesiko phakathi kwabakhiqizi bezolimo yasekelwa nguMnyango we-Agroindustrial Complex yesiFunda saseKostroma, yazisa ngohlelo oluhlosiwe lomnyango oluthi “Ukuthuthukiswa Kokukhiqizwa Kwamazambane Nokucutshungulwa Kwesifunda saseKostroma sonyaka wezi-2015 kuya ku-2017”. Ngenxa yalolu hlelo, abatshali bamazambane bangathola uxhaso kusuka kwisabelomali sesifunda sokubuyiselwa kwengxenye yezindleko zokwakhiwa nokwakhiwa kabusha kwezitoro zamazambane, ukucubungula nokufaka amabhizinisi.
Imali engenayo nayo yanda ngokujwayelekile, yize eminyakeni ethile imiphumela yokugcina yathonywa yizici zangaphandle, ikakhulukazi isimo sezulu.
Ngakho-ke, u-2017 kuvele kwaba nzima, ngenxa yezimvula, umkhankaso wokuvuna waqala emasontweni amathathu ngemuva kwesikhathi esijwayelekile, okwakungeke kuthinte umthamo wesivuno. Kepha ngo-2018, imvelo yayisohlangothini lwabalimi bamazambane, futhi bavuna isivuno serekhodi - amathani ayizinkulungwane ezingama-38,5.
Izinhlobo eziphambili ezitshalwe esifundeni (ngokusho kwePotato Union yeRussian Federation, 2018): iMeteor, Impala, Ma'am, Early Zhukovsky, Nevsky, Red Scarlett, Luck, Scarb, Pyrol, Gala, Valiza, Vega, Merlot, Kibits, Adret- ukuthi, Inara, Innovator, Wendy, Volat, Manifesto, Alvara, Safia, Belarusian Vectar, Yanka, Damaris, Zhigulevsky, Breeze, Zoraka, Uladar, Zhuravinka, Lilya Belorussia, Estrella, Dolphin, Molly, Lyubava, Krepysh, Aurora, I-Handsome, Blue, Nakra.
Ngokusho kwegatsha laseKostroma le-FSBI Rosselkhoztsentr, amapulazi angama-2019 alesi sifunda ahlanganyela emkhankasweni wokuvunwa kwamazambane wango-66.
Phakathi kwabakhiqizi bezambane eliphambili esifundeni kukhona iViva LLC, iZavolzhskoye CJSC (le nkampani ibuye ifunde ngezinhlobonhlobo ezahlukahlukene futhi ikhiqize isivuno sesitshalo sokwethenjwa esinobuhlakani njengeJeos artichoke), iSuschevo LLC, iMinsk LLC, neMechta LLC ", I-Kostroma Potato LLC, i-Agro-Profi LLC, iSusinsky Nursery LLC, i-SPK Kolkhoz Rodina.
IZIMBANGELA UKUZALWA
Isifunda saseKostroma yisifunda esinamathuba onke okuthuthuka okuphumelelayo kokukhiqizwa kwembewu yamazambane.
Phakathi kwezinzuzo ezingaphawulwa: isimo sezulu esihle (imvula eyanele, isikhathi eside sasemini, amazinga okushisa alinganayo ehlobo); ingemuva eliphansi lokutheleleka, ukuntuleka komkhiqizo omkhulu.
Iqhaza elibalulekile ekwakhiweni kokukhiqizwa kwembewu yamazambane ekuqaleni esifundeni lidlalwa yiKostroma State Agricultural Academy. ILaborator of Plant Biotechnology, esebenza eMnyangweni Wezolimo Chemistry, Biology kanye Nezokuvikelwa Kwezitshalo ze-KSAA, ngokukhethekile izitshalo ezincane ezikhulayo, ama-greenhouse minicubers, kanye nokukhiqiza amazambane wembewu yesizukulwane sokuqala sensimu, ama-super-super-elites, ama-super-elites. Izinto zembewu zithengiswa emnothweni wesifunda (iSusinsinsky Nursery LLC, i-Agro-Profi LLC) ukuze kusatshalaliswe kabanzi, futhi kuthunyelwa kumakhasimende avela kwezinye izifunda zaseRussia (i-geography yezinsiza: kusuka e-Arkhangelsk kuya eKrasnodar). Unyaka nonyaka, ilabhorethri ikhiqiza cishe ama-mini-tubers ezinkulungwane eziyi-150 zezinhlobo zamazambane ezifuywayo nezangaphandle.
Kusukela ngonyaka ka-2015, ilabhorathri egunyaziwe yokuxilongwa kwezifo zamazambane yaqala ukusebenza egatsheni laseRosselkhoztsentr eSifundeni saseKostroma, okuwumphumela wemizamo enqala yomphathi wegatsha u-EN. Shakharova. Kusukela ngo-2018, leli gatsha belilokhu lihlaziya amasampula amazambane embewu asuka ezifundeni ezahlukahlukene zaseRussia ngokohlelo lokulawula inhlabathi. Ngo-2019, igatsha lahlela ukukhiqizwa kwama-greenhouse minitubers.
Amazambane imbewu ye-Elite akhiqizwa esifundeni ngamabhizinisi ayi-13 ezolimo. Iningi lamapulazi likhona esifundeni saseKostroma, eSusinsinsky naseNerekht.
I-LLC "I-nurseinsky nursery"
Inhloko yesifunda uSusaninsky - uFedor Fedorovich Puzdrya
Bebelokhu bezilima ngembewu yamazambane kusukela ngo-2012. Itholakala endaweni enhle kakhulu ye-phytosanitary zone. Njalo ngonyaka, inkampani ihlola inqwaba yezinhlobo ezintsha kanye no-nzalo wamazambane (ngokwesibonelo, ngonyaka ka-2019 izinhlobo ezingaba ngu-100 kanye nezinhlobo ezingaba ngu-50 nzalo yezikhungo zasekhaya ezifuywayo zalinywa zafundelwa emkhakheni weSusinsky Nursery). Kusukela ngonyaka ka-2014, kufakwa kwiRegista yamabhizinisi akhula imbewu esifundeni saseKostroma ngamazambane.
Le nkampani ihlela njalo izingqungquthela zabachwepheshe emabhizinisini wezolimo akhethekile ukuze bashintshane ngolwazi futhi bahlole imiphumela yokuhlolwa.
I-LLC Agro-Profi
Inhloko Yesifunda iKostroma - uSergey Kirillovich Bekin
Le nkampani yasungulwa ngonyaka we-2006. Imisebenzi esemqoka yilena: ukuhlolwa kokuthembisa izinhlobo zamazambane zokukhethwa kwasekhaya nangaphandle; ukukhiqizwa kwezimbewu namazambane ware, kanye nemifino. Ngo-2014, i-Agro-Profi LLC yaqala umsebenzi omkhulu wokuhlela kahle nokwanda kwezinga lokukhiqizwa kwembewu elite (endaweni evumelana kakhudlwana esifundeni saseNerekht, ngoba, ngokwezidingo ezidingakalayo zokukhiqizwa kwembewu yezitshalo, kwakudingeka ukwahlukanisa ukutshala kwembewu yamazambane kusuka ekutshaleni ukudla). Kusukela ngonyaka ka-2014, kufakwa kwiRegista yamabhizinisi akhula imbewu esifundeni saseKostroma ngamazambane.
Ngaphansi kohlaka lwezinhlelo zombuso ezikhona, abakwaSusaninsky Nursery LLC kanye ne-AgroProfi LLC bathola ukwesekwa okuhle, ngakho-ke, abaphathi besifunda banethemba lokugcina izinga eliphakeme lokukhiqizwa kwembewu yamazambane okuqala nesezingeni eliphakeme kulamabhizinisi.
UKUQEQESHA
Ukuqeqeshwa kodokotela abasezingeni eliphakathi embonini yezolimo esifundeni kwenziwa yi-OGBPOE "Galich Agrarian College of Kostroma Region", OGBPOU "Sharya Agrarian College of Kostroma Region", njll.
Ungathola imfundo ephakeme ngephrofayili yezolimo eKostroma State Agricultural Academy (iKostroma State Agricultural Academy) - isikhungo semfundo ephakeme sikahulumeni wesifundazwe semfundo ephakeme. Inyuvesi inikela ukuqeqeshwa emikhakheni eyisithupha: Ezolimo, Ezokwakha Nezokwakha, Imithi Yezilwane Nemfuyo, Ubunjiniyela Nobuchwepheshe,
Ezomnotho, Ezikagesi. Ngaphezu kweminyaka engama-70 yokusebenza, inyuvesi isiqeqeshe ongoti abangaba yizinkulungwane ezingama-40.
UKUSEKELWA KWESAYENSI KWESIKHUMBUZO SAMAPOTO
Ukuxhaswa kwesayensi ngomkhakha wamazambane wesifunda kuhlinzekwa yiKostroma State Agricultural Academy kanye neKostroma Research Institute of Agriculture. Esikhathini esizayo, singalindela ukwanda okukhulu kokuxhaswa okunjalo, ngoba abaphathi benhlangano banqume ukudala ipulazi lamazambane eliqanjwe ngemuva kwalokho I-A.G. Lorch Federal Research Center (FIC) yamazambane, ngokujoyina kuyobandakanya i-Kostroma Research Institute yezolimo esesimweni segatsha le-FIC lamazambane.
AH, POTATO, POTATO
Kusukela ngo-2013, kube nomkhosi wokuvunwa waminyaka yonke obanjelwe esifundeni saseKostroma, umlingisi ophambili wawo, okuyiqiniso, ohlala eba yimbiza yonke ayithandayo. Uhlelo lomkhosi luhlanganisa imincintiswano ehlukahlukene (yamazambane angajwayelekile futhi makhulu kunawo wonke; okwenziwa ngezandla kakhulu kwamazambane; okumnandi kakhulu mayelana namazambane, njll.), Amaqembu omculo, imibukiso yokupheka kanye nobungcweti bezambane kanye nemifino kubantu.