Ubuchwepheshe be-Drone buyinto emisha emangalisayo enomthelela omkhulu emphakathini wanamuhla, eguqula izimpilo zethu kanye nendlela esenza ngayo ibhizinisi.
Kubukeka sengathi abalimi bakwamukele ngezandla ezimhlophe ukufika kwama-drones, besebenzisa la mathuluzi aphambili ukuguqula ezolimo zesimanje.
Izindiza ezinobuchwepheshe obuphezulu zivumela abalimi kanye nabashayeli bezindiza abazilawulayo ukuthi bathuthukise ukusebenza kahle kwezici ezimbalwa zokukhiqizwa kwezitshalo, kusukela ekuqaphelweni kwezitshalo kuya ekutshalweni, ukuphatha imfuyo, ukufuthwa kwezitshalo, ukudweba imephu yokunisela, nokunye.
Okulandelayo, sizobhekisisa imakethe ye-drone yezolimo nokuthi isetshenziswa kanjani, kanye nokubheka ikusasa lale mboni futhi sixoxe ngezinyathelo okudingeka uzithathe uma ufuna ukuqeqesha kabusha njengomshayeli we-drone wezolimo.
UKUHLAZIYWA KWEZIMmakethe ZAMADROONE EZOLIMO
Ama-drones ezolimo asiza ukuthuthukisa nokwenza kahle uhlelo olwaziwa ngokuthi ukulima okunembayo.
Le ndlela yokutshala ibandakanya ukuqapha, ukukala kanye nokuthatha izinyathelo ezisekelwe olwazini lwesikhathi sangempela mayelana nempilo yezitshalo nemfuyo. Kulesi simo, esikhundleni sezinqumo ezingahleliwe ezisekelwe ekuqageleni, abalimi besimanje bayakwazi ukukhulisa isivuno futhi bathuthukise isakhiwo sokuphatha ipulazi ngokwandisa ukukhiqizwa kwezitshalo.
Eminyakeni yamuva nje, izindleko zama-drones ezolimo zehle kakhulu, zanyusa isidingo futhi zenza ama-drones abe utshalomali olukhangayo kubalimi.
Imakethe ye-drone yezolimo kulindeleke ukuthi ikhule ngaphezu kwama-38% eminyakeni ezayo. Ngokukhula komphakathi kanye nokushintsha kwesimo sezulu, isidingo sezolimo esisebenza kahle sizokhula kuphela.
Kunezinketho eziningi zokusebenzisa ama-drones ezolimo, isibonelo:
- Ukuhlolwa komhlaba nezitshalo.
- Ukucinga ukhula kanye nokwelashwa indawo izitshalo.
- Ukulawulwa kwesimo esijwayelekile sesilimo.
- Ukuphathwa kwemfuyo kanye nokuqapha impilo.
- Ama-Drones afakwe amasistimu nezici ezifana nezinhlelo zokushayela, amakhamera we-infrared, i-GPS nezinhlelo zokuhamba, izilawuli ezihlelekayo kanye nokuhlela indiza okuzenzakalelayo. Ngaphezu kwalokho, ngosizo lwesofthiwe ekhethekile yokucubungula idatha, noma yiluphi ulwazi oluqoqiwe lungasetshenziswa ngokushesha ukwenza izinqumo zokuphatha ukusebenza.
AMA-DRONES NEZOLIMO: INHLANGANO EYENZIWA EZULWINI
Ukusetshenziswa kwama-drones kuyishintsha ngokuphelele indlela izitshalo ezitshalwa ngayo.
Ngokwamukela ubuchwepheshe be-UAV, abalimi nezinkampani zezolimo zingandisa isivuno, zonge isikhathi, futhi zithole izixazululo zokuphatha ezifanele ezizoqinisekisa impumelelo yazo yesikhathi eside.
Njengamanje abalimi babhekene nezici eziningi ezahlukene ezithinta inhlalakahle yabo, okuhlanganisa ukutholakala kwemithombo yamanzi, ukuguquka kwesimo sezulu, umoya, izinga lomhlabathi, ukhula nezinambuzane, ukushintsha kwezinkathi zokukhula, njll.
Konke lokhu kuphoqa abalimi ukuthi basebenzise ama-drones obuchwepheshe obuphezulu abakwazi ukubhekana nemisebenzi enjalo futhi baqinisekise ukwamukelwa ngokushesha kwezinqumo ezisebenza kahle kakhulu.
Ama-drones ezolimo anikeza abalimi ukufinyelela kumcebo wedatha abangayisebenzisa ukuze benze izinqumo ezingcono zokuphatha, bathuthukise izivuno kanye nenzuzo iyonke.
Ama-drone angasetshenziswa ukuqoqa idatha mayelana nesivuno sezitshalo, impilo yemfuyo, izinga lenhlabathi, amazinga ezakhi, izibikezelo zesimo sezulu kanye nemvula, nokunye. Idatha efanayo ingase isetshenziselwe ukwakha amamephu anemininingwane futhi wenze izinqumo ezinolwazi.
Imboni yezolimo ayiwashayi indiva amathuluzi obuchwepheshe obuphezulu ukuze kuthuthukiswe ukusebenza kwebhizinisi. Ukusetshenziswa kwama-drones kwezolimo yisigaba esilandelayo sokusiza abalimi nezinkampani zezolimo ukuhlangabezana nezidingo eziguqukayo zemakethe ekhulayo.
IZINDLELA ZOKUSEBENZISA AMADROONE EZOLIMO: AMASU EZINTATHU EZINTSHA
Ukusetshenziswa kwama-drones kwezolimo kuya ngokuya kuvame kakhulu.
Ama-Drones angasiza ngemisebenzi edla isikhathi neyinkimbinkimbi kuyilapho enciphisa izindleko zezinto ezibonakalayo.
Ukusetshenziswa kwama-drones kwezolimo kungalindelwa ukuthi kukhule njengoba imboni ithuthuka futhi kwethulwa nobuchwepheshe obusha.
Njengamanje, kunezindlela ezi-6 eziphambili zokusebenzisa ama-drones ezolimo:
- Ukuhlaziya umhlabathi nensimu
Ekuqaleni, maphakathi nasekupheleni komjikelezo wokuvuna, ama-drones angasetshenziswa ukunikeza idatha ewusizo mayelana nokubunjwa kwenhlabathi kanye nekhwalithi. Ngosizo lwamamephu enhlabathi ye-3D, ungakwazi ukuxilonga ngokushesha izinkinga ezihlobene nokwakheka kwenhlabathi, amazinga ezakhi noma izindawo ezifile.
Lolu lwazi lungasiza abalimi ukunquma amaphethini aphumelela kakhulu okutshala nokutshala izitshalo, ukunakekelwa kwenhlabathi, njll. Ukuqapha kwamanje kuyakwazi ukuqinisekisa ukusetshenziswa kahle kwemithombo yamanzi nokugcina isilinganiso esidingekayo somsoco lapho unakekela izitshalo.
- Ukutshala imbewu
Ukuhlwanyela imbewu ye-drone kuwumkhuba wakamuva futhi akukakasakazeki, kodwa ezinye izinkampani zizama ukuhlwanyela imbewu ye-drone. Eqinisweni, abalimi bazama izinhlelo ezikhethekile ezihlelelwe ukusakaza imbewu enhlabathini elungisiwe.
Izinkampani ezincane ze-UAV zibambe iqhaza elibalulekile ekuthuthukisweni kobuchwepheshe obuhlukile obuklanyelwe ukuxazulula izinkinga eziningi emkhakheni we-ecology nezolimo. Isibonelo, i-DroneSeed isebenzisa imoto yasemoyeni engenamuntu ekwazi ukuphakamisa umthwalo okhokhelwayo wamakhilogremu angu-57/indiza yembewu yesihlahla, imithi yokubulala ukhula, umanyolo, namanzi ukuze kutshalwe kabusha futhi kutshalwe kabusha.
Lobu buchwepheshe busiza ekunciphiseni isidingo sokuba khona komuntu siqu ukuze kutshalwe izitshalo endaweni ekhethiwe, ngezinye izikhathi okuba umsebenzi obizayo futhi odinga amandla.
Lobu buchwepheshe obufanayo be-drone bungashintshwa futhi busetshenziswe ezinhlotsheni eziningi zamapulazi, ukunciphisa isikhathi sokutshala nezindleko zabasebenzi.
- Ukufafaza kwezitshalo nokuchela ngamabala
Ukugcina izitshalo ezicebile, ukuvundisa njalo nokufafaza kuyadingeka. Ngaphambilini, lokhu kwenziwa ngesandla kusetshenziswa izimoto noma izindiza. Kodwa-ke, lezi zindlela zingabizwa ngokungasebenzi kahle, ezinzima futhi kunalokho ezibizayo.
Ngokusekelwe esinqumweni se-Federal Aviation Administration (FAA), ama-drones angahlonyiswa ngamathangi amakhulu angagcwaliswa ngomanyolo, ama-herbicides noma izibulala-zinambuzane. Ukusebenzisa ama-drones ukufafaza izitshalo kuphephe kakhulu futhi kubiza kakhulu. Ama-Drones angakwazi ukusebenza ngokuzenzakalelayo futhi angahlelwa ukuthi andize ngokuya ngohlelo oluthile nomzila.
Isibonelo, uma isikhunta sitholakala endaweni ethile elinganiselwe, ama-drones angasetshenziswa ukuxazulula le nkinga. Ngokunikezwa kwejubane lama-drones, unamandla okuxilonga nokuqeda usongo olungaba khona ngaphambi kokuba lusakazekele epulazini lonke.
Ukufafaza izitshalo ngamabala kwakuwumsebenzi onzima ngendlela emangalisayo. Uma kunezinkinga ngokhula noma isitshalo esithile, yonke indawo kwakufanele ifuthwe.
Lokhu kwaholela ekumoshweni okukhulu kwesikhathi kanye nezinsiza, njengoba othile kwadingeka azungeze yonke indawo. Ngaphezu kwalokho, izindleko zezibulala-zinambuzane kanye nokulimala kwemvelo okubangelwa ukusetshenziswa kwamakhemikhali.
Ngokufafaza kwendawo okusizwa yi-drone, lo msebenzi awudli isikhathi esiningi futhi awubizi kakhulu, okuhlanganisa nezindleko zemvelo.
- Imisebenzi ye-Cartographic kanye ne-geodetic
Enye yezinzuzo eziyinhloko zokusebenzisa ama-drones ubulula nokusebenza kahle kokuqapha ngezinga elikhulu izitshalo nomhlaba wokulima. Esikhathini esedlule, izithombe zesathelayithi noma zendiza zazisetshenziselwa ukubona ipulazi eduze futhi kuhlonzwe izinkinga ezingase zibe khona.
Kodwa-ke, lezi zithombe bezimba eqolo futhi azikwazanga ukuqinisekisa izinga elifanayo lokunemba kwesithombe esinikezwa ngama-drones. Kulezi zinsuku, awukwazi ukuthatha izithombe ngesikhathi sangempela kuphela, kodwa futhi upopayi ohlelwe ngokulandelana kwezikhathi obonisa ukukhula kwezitshalo ngesikhathi sangempela.
Ngokwenza imephu ye-drone nokuhlola, izinqumo zobuchwepheshe manje zingenziwa ngokusekelwe kudatha yesikhathi sangempela kunezithombe eziphelelwe yisikhathi noma ukucatshangelwa okungokoqobo.
Ngezinzwa ze-imaging eziseduze ne-infrared (NIR), impilo yezitshalo inganqunywa ngokusekelwe ekumunceni ukukhanya, inikeze umbono osheshayo wezempilo yasepulazini. Sisanda kuxoxisana nomshayeli wendiza engenawo umoya osebenzisa izithombe eziseduze ne-infrared ukusiza abanikazi bezivini ukuthi bahlole isimo sezivini zabo.
Ngosizo lwama-drones ezolimo, ungathola imininingwane efana nale:
- Umthamo wezitshalo kanye nesimo sempilo yezitshalo.
- Ukwabiwa komhlaba kuye ngokuthi hlobo luni lwezitshalo.
— Umjikelezo wempilo yamanje wamasiko.
- Amamephu anemininingwane yezindawo ezitshaliwe ezenziwe kusetshenziswa i-GPS.
Kulula: Ama-Drones angawusebenzisa ngokugcwele umhlaba nezinsiza ngokusiza abalimi ukuthi bathole izindawo ezingcono kakhulu zokutshala izitshalo zabo.
- Ukulawula nokuhlela imisebenzi yokunisela
Ukunisela kuyibhizinisi elikhohlisayo. Uma ukufaka kwakho ngenkasa kubanga amamayela amaningi, izinkinga azigwemeki. Ama-drones afakwe amakhamera wokuthwebula ashisayo angaxilonga izinkinga zokunisela noma izindawo ezinomswakama omncane noma omningi kakhulu.
Ngalolu lwazi, ungakha amaphethini okutshala asebenza kahle kakhulu, uthuthukise ukugeleza kwamanzi, usebenzise ukugeleza okungokwemvelo, futhi ugweme ukunqwabelana kwamanzi okungalimaza izitshalo ezizwelayo.
Izinkinga ngamanzi kanye nezinhlelo zokunisela azibizi imali eningi nje kuphela, kodwa futhi zingalimaza isilimo sakho. Ngama-drones, lezi zinkinga zizotholwa ngaphambi kokuthi zikulimaze.
- Ukuqapha imfuyo ngesikhathi sangempela
Amanye ama-drones afakwe amakhamera ezithombe ezishisayo avumela umshayeli ukuthi alawule i-drone futhi alandelele imfuyo ngesikhathi esisodwa. Lokhu kuvumela abalimi ukuthi bahlale beqapha imfuyo yabo ngesikhathi esincane kanye nezindleko zokusebenza.
Umqhubi we-drone angashesha ukuhlola umhlambi ukuze aqinisekise ukuthi azikho izilwane ezilimele noma ezingekho, kanye nokubukeka kwezilwane ezincane. Ama-drones asetshenziselwa ukuqapha njalo umhlambi, okwake kwaba umsebenzi obizayo futhi odla isikhathi.
Ngaphezu kwalokho, izithombe ezishisayo zingasiza ukulandelela izilwane ezidla ezinye, okuwusizo olukhulu kwabanye abanikazi bamapulazi.
Qala umsebenzi wakho njengomshayeli wendiza yezolimo
Ukwandisa isivuno, ukunciphisa izindleko nokudala amapulazi esizukulwane esilandelayo.
Kulula ukubona ukuthi kungani ama-drones ezolimo ethandwa kangaka. Amapulazi namabhizinisi ezolimo asebenzisa ama-drones emisebenzini yawo azophoqa ngokushesha labo abenqaba ithuba elinjalo ukuba baphume emakethe.
Lokhu kusho ukuthi abashayeli bamabhanoyi bezolimo bazoba usizo olubalulekile kulezi zinkampani.
Kuzwakala njengesimemo sokufunda umsebenzi othokozisayo nothembisayo.
Imakethe ye-drone yezolimo isaqala. Futhi isici esikhulu esibambezela ukukhula kwayo ukuntuleka kwabashayeli bezindiza abanolwazi.
Ngenhlanhla, uma ufunda lawa magama, usuvele uchofoze okukodwa nje ekubeni umshayeli wendiza eyi-drone oqinisekisiwe. Ngokuqeqeshwa okuseqophelweni eliphezulu nokuba nentshisekelo yangempela kule ndawo yobungcweti, ungathonya indlela otshala ngayo izitshalo futhi uthole umsebenzi embonini enenzuzo nethembisayo.
Njengomshayeli wendiza oyingcweti yezolimo, uzohlala unolwazi lwakamuva ngezimo zakamuva zepulazi, isitokwe kanye nenhlabathi, usebenzisa lolu lwazi ukuhlola ngokushesha ukukhiqizwa kwezolimo.
Ngemuva kokuthola isitifiketi, ungakhetha enye yezindlela zokuthola impumelelo ekusebenzeni ngama-drones ezolimo, isibonelo:
Ukusebenza njengomeluleki ohlinzeka ngokuhlolwa kwenhlabathi nokudala amamephu ukuze kuthuthukiswe ukwakheka kwepulazi ngokusekelwe ezithombeni ezishisayo futhi kusetshenzwe ngesofthiwe yesimanje.
Ukwakhiwa kwezinhlelo ezizenzakalelayo zezimoto zasemoyeni ezingenamuntu ezisebenza emapulazini, ukuhlinzeka ngokutshala, ukufutha nokunakekelwa njalo kwezitshalo.
Umsebenzi wenkontileka ohlanganisa ukugadwa kwezitshalo njalo, ukufafaza kanye nokuhlaziya okuningiliziwe ukuze kwandiswe isivuno.
Sebenza emapulazini ezinkampani ezinkulu zezolimo ezidinga umshayeli onolwazi lwe-drone yezolimo.
Dala amamephu anemininingwane yotshani nokunye ukusetshenziswa komhlaba ongaphandle.
Ukuqhuba izifundo ezijulile zokuphila kanye nokusebenza kwezitshalo zasendle nezitshalo esimweni sezulu esihlukahlukene kanye nezimo zezulu.
Qiniseka ukuthi ngokuzayo, inani lemisebenzi, izinhlobo zezinkontileka nemisebenzi esebenzisa ama-drones, namathuba ebhizinisi athembisayo azoqhubeka nokukhula njengoba ukuthandwa kwama-drones kukhula.