Sekuyiminyaka emithathu manje, i-Amil LLC isisebenza eNizhny Novgorod Region, okuyibhizinisi lokwenziwa kwezinkanyezi eziguquliwe, lenziwe ngokubambisana nenkampani yaseSweden iLyckeby Starch AB, omunye wabaholi bomhlaba embonini "yesitashi".
Sikhuluma no-Oleg Martyanov, ongomunye wabasunguli bebhizinisi laseRussia, ukuthi wadalwa kanjani, wazenzela imikhiqizo yalo nokuthi uhlela ukukhulisa umkhiqizo kanjani.
- U-Oleg Alexandrovich, kwenzeka kanjani lokho I-Lyckeby waba umsunguli webhizinisi esifundeni saseRussia?
- Umlando wokuvela kwe-Amil uhlobene kakhulu nemisebenzi yeStarch Center Center. Lesi sibambiso sisebenze ngokubambisana nenkampani yaseSweden iLyckeby iminyaka engaba ngu-20, sinikezela ukubekwa okukhonjisiwe kwalolu hlobo emakethe yaseRussia.
Ngokuhamba kwesikhathi, iStarch-Center yaqondisa ingxenye yenzuzo yayo ekukhiqizweni kwesitashi sasekhaya eRussia futhi yathola izitshalo ezimbili eziyinhloko - esinye eNizhny Novgorod Region (iSryatinsky Starch Plant) nesinye e-Oryol (Pleshcheevsky Starch Plant). Kuyiqiniso, besifuna ukuheha umkhiqizi wesitashi omkhulu futhi owaziwayo wase-Europe onjengoLuckeby kulo msebenzi, kodwa ekuqaleni inkampani yaseSweden yayingenangqinamba. Abamele iLykeyke bafika kwesinye sezitshalo, bahlola isimo sakhe futhi ngokwenqaba ngesisekelo ukusebenza ndawonye. Kepha isikhathi sihamba, futhi ngasikhathi sinye, abaholi abakhathazekile baseSweden bafika esiphethweni sokuthi kunenzuzo enkulu ngabo ukukhiqiza isitashi kumthengi waseRussia endaweni yaseRussia, kunokuba bahlinzeke ngemikhiqizo evela phesheya. Ngakho-ke, ngonyaka we-2015, inkampani ye-Amil yadalwa, kwathi ngonyaka we-2017 kwethulwa ukwenziwa.
Ifektri yethu itholakala esifundeni sasePochinkovsky esifundeni saseNizhny Novgorod, itholakala emkhakheni wefektri wesitashi iSyryatinsky. Le nkampani ifakwe imishini yesimanje futhi isebenza kubuchwepheshe obusebenzayo baseYurophu.
- I-Amil ikhiqiza izinkanyezi eziguquliwe zomkhakha wokudla. Ingabe lo mkhiqizo ungathengiswa?
- Asinakho ukushoda kwamakhasimende. Isitashi esishintshiwe - isithako esibalulekile ekwenziweni kwemikhiqizo yenyama kanye nemikhiqizo esekuqediwe, isetshenziswa ekwenziweni kososo we-utamatisi, imayonesi, imikhiqizo yobisi olunoshukela. Kepha amanani okukhiqizwa kwama-starches eRussia mancane, ngaphezu kwesitshalo sethu, yi-ND-Technik LLC (Stavropol Territory) kuphela esebenza ngezidingo zomkhakha wokudla. Yize lokhu, kunjalo, akusho ukuthi akukho mncintiswano emakethe. Ama-starches aguquliwe ahlinzekwa ngenkuthalo evela emazweni aseYurophu, futhi abakhiqizi bangaphandle banezinzuzo ezithile kithi. Isibonelo, amavolumu abalulekile wokukhiqiza.
I-Amil iseyibhizinisi elincane. Kwaqalwa ukwenziwa njengomklami - amandla okuthi kancane kancane, "isitini ngesitini", kwandise amavolumu wokukhiqiza. Ngeshwa, ijubane lokukhula kwalo aliphezulu njengoba besingathanda.
Kunezizathu eziningi ezinengqondo. Enye yazo ukwanda okukhulu kwezindleko zamakhemikhali adingekayo ekwenzeni umkhiqizo wethu. Lapho sibala izindleko zemikhiqizo yesikhathi esizayo, kwakukhona amafektri amathathu eRussia ukukhiqizwa kwezakhi zamakhemikhali esasizidinga, kwathi lapho sekuqalwa i-Amil, kwasala eyodwa kuphela emakethe, eyathi, ekubeni yisibusi, yenyusa amanani entengo aphakeme kunalawo aseYurophu.
Manje ukukhiqiza kwethu cishe ingxenye eyodwa kwezintathu yalokho ebesingakwenza.
- I-Amil ikhiqiza ama-starches asuselwa kumazambane nezinto zokusetshenziswa kukakolweni. Ngabe ukuqondiswa “kwamazambane” noma “ummbila” kubaluleke kakhulu ebhizinisini (uma umehluko ulungile)?
- Uhlobo ngalunye lomkhiqizo wethu lwenzelwe ukukhiqiza imikhiqizo ethile, ngayinye inamakhasimende ayo, ngalo mqondo zombili izinkomba zibalulekile kithi.
Kepha amazambane kuseyinto eza kuqala kuyo. Ake ngikukhumbuze ukuthi umnikazi wenkampani yethu ngokubambisana naye ungowaseSweden abesebenza ngokukhulisa nokukhiqiza amazambane cishe iminyaka eyikhulu. KwaLuckeby, amazambane angumkhiqizo wenombolo 1.
Ngaphezu kwalokho, sitholakala esifundeni lapho kutshalwa khona amazambane amaningi kunammbila. Ngakho-ke amazambane asondele futhi asondele kakhulu kithi.
- I-Concern Lyckeby, njengoba uyazi, ingeyomphakathi wabalimi lapho indawo yabo enkulu yokusebenza ikhula ngamazambane ukuze ifakwe isitashi. Inkampani yakho ayihleleli ukuhlela ukukhiqizwa kwezinto zokusetshenziswa emapulazini aseRussia "nge-oda", ngokususelwa kulwazi lwesiSweden?
- Ukukhuluma ngokuqinile, u-Amil akasebenzi ngamazambane. Inkampani yethu ithenga isitashi sendabuko eSyryatinsky isitashi ifektri. Kepha izindaba ezihlobene nekhwalithi nenani lezinto zokusetshenziswa nazo zisithinta ngqo.
I-Amil ihlela ukuthuthukisa ukukhiqizwa, futhi lokhu kusho ukuthi izidingo zebhizinisi lezinto zokwenziwa ezingavuthiwe zizokhula, futhi ngesikhathi esifushane singangena ekushisekeni kwaso. Ngakho-ke, okokuqala, kufanele sibheke ukuthi kungenzeka yini ukukhulisa umkhiqizo esikhungweni saseSryatinsky.
Manje inqwaba yamazambane alethwe eSyryatino inokuqukethwe kwesitashi cishe i-10%. Isitshalo sisebenza imfucuza. Inani lamazambane angenayo futhi liyehluka inyanga nenyanga. Ukuze siqinisekise ukuthi sithola inani lempahla eluhlaza esiyidingayo, sethula uhlelo lokuthuthukisa ukukhiqizwa kwamazambane athambile kakhulu. Angisho ukuthi sizodlulisa isipiliyoni ngokugcwele seSweden, kepha sizozama ukusebenzisa izindlela ezinhle kakhulu.
Ngaphansi kwalolu hlelo, sesivele sikhethe abalimi abaningana baseNizhny Novgorod phakathi kwabahlinzeki bethu abajwayelekile futhi sabadlulisela ukutshala izinhlobo zembewu ngokuqukethwe kwesitashi okuphezulu.
Kungakapheli iminyaka emithathu sihlela ukufinyelela umthamo wokuthengwa kwamazambane ayizinkulungwane ezingama-40 amazambane (anesitashi sika-20%) ngonyaka.
- Sitshele okuningi ngezinhlobonhlobo.
- Ngingathanda kakhulu ukusebenza nezinhlobo zaseSweden. Lezi yizimpumelelo zabafuyi abadumile, umphumela weminyaka eminingi yomsebenzi wesayensi, oqinisekiswe ngokuphelele ekusebenzeni. Kepha, ngeshwa, akunakwenzeka ukuletha amazambane embewu eRussia ngaphandle kweminyaka eminingi yokugunyazwa, ngakho-ke kulo nyaka sikhethe izinhlobo ezivela kwalezo ezazivunyelwe ukusetshenziswa ezweni lethu.
Ozakwethu baseLynke bazonikeza abalimi ukwesekwa okukude kwezolimo. Okokuqala, abalimi kuzodingeka bahlinzeke ngolwazi ngesimo somhlaba, futhi ngesisekelo sabo bazothola izincomo zokuqala kwezobuchwepheshe.
- Ngabe izinkontileka zizokhombisa inani elizothengwa ngalo amazambane kubalimi?
- Yebo. ESweden, izindleko zihleliwe, futhi sizama ukulandela indlela efanayo. Inothi elibalulekile: intengo ayiboshelwe esindlekweni sokuningi, kodwa kumaphesenti esitashi kuma-tubers. Okusho ukuthi, umlimi uthola imali ngqo yesitashi esiqukethwe ubhatata wakhe.
Kepha siyaqonda ukuthi isimo semakethe asizinzile, ngakho-ke, inkontileka icacisa ukuthi kungenzeka ukubuyekezwa kwentengo uma kwenzeka izinguquko ezinkulu.
- Sekukaningi ngiwuzwa umbono wokuthi akusizi inzuzo ukukhiqiza isitashi kusuka ezinhlotsheni ezikhethekile zamazambane hhayi emigqeni ekhiqiza izitshalo ezifuywayo. Lokho kwenzelwa inzuzo kugcinwa kuphela lapho kubhekwana nemfucuza enikezwa ngabalimi ngepeni. Lokhu akulona iqiniso?
- Lo ngumbuzo onzima. Kumele kuqondwe ukuthi asisoze sakwazi ukunikela abalimi intengo yamazambane ephakeme kunentengo lapho izitolo zithenga khona lo mkhiqizo. Kepha lesi sitshalo sinezinzuzo zaso: kungenzeka ukuphothula inkontileka yokulima imiqulu emikhulu nokuhlinzekwa komkhiqizo isikhathi eside.
Ngokubona kwami, abalimi bangabela ngaphambili ingxenye yendawo yokukhulisa amazambane okudla, futhi ingxenye - yemikhiqizo yokucutshungulwa, futhi ngaleyo ndlela bathole ithuba lokuthi "bangafaki amaqanda kubhasikidi owodwa", obalulekile esimweni samanje.
- Futhi ngalesi simo. Ngabe i-Amil ngandlela thile iyayizwa imiphumela yezinhlekelele zentwasahlobo 2020 (ukuvala imingcele, ukungazinzi kwezinga lokushintshana, njll.)? Ngabe ubhubhane ngandlela thile uguqule amasu akho?
- Sihlangabezane nenkinga enkulu lapho, kanye nawo wonke imboni yasekhaya, okuwukuphela kwesitshalo esisenzela amakhemikhali siyeke ukusebenza. Futhi-ke, sikhuluma emhlabeni jikelele, sinqoba bonke ubunzima obufanayo njengangaphambili. Ngokuyisisekelo, bangabantu bemvelo ngokwemvelo. Umbuso wobushiqela wobushiqela obukhona ezweni ucindezela intuthuko yomphakathi wonke nomnotho uqine kunanoma iliphi igciwane. ISweden, mhlawumbe, yakha umphakathi wobusoshiyali ukwedlula indlela owawunayo e-USSR. Futhi okwenzekile manje ngathi kusondele kakhulu ku-feudalism, kuma-Middle Ages.
Angikwazi ukubona noma yiziphi izinguquko ezibonakalayo ngokuya kwesidingo sesitashi noma. Ngekota yokuqala, siqophe ukukhula okwesikhashana kokuthengiswa, kepha lokhu bekuqondakala impela: amabhizinisi abeka ezitolo ukuze kuthi ngasikhathi esithile ashiywe ngaphandle kwempahla eluhlaza. Manje konke sekubuyele kwizinkomba zazo ezejwayelekile, futhi kuze kube manje asiboni zidingo zangaphambi koshintsho: abantu badla cishe inani elifanayo ekuhlukaniselweni njengalo ngaphandle kwalo. Ngakho-ke sisebenza ngokwecebo.
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